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Original Article
- The Relationship between Health Belief and Exercise Compliance among Elderly Adults at Senior Centers
- Kyung Im Lee, Young Eun
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Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing 2015;26(2):79-88.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2015.26.2.79
Published online: June 30, 2015
1Department of Nursing, Jinju Health College, Jinju, Korea.
2College of Nursing, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea.
• Received: February 2, 2015 • Revised: March 27, 2015 • Accepted: May 21, 2015
© 2015 Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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Abstract
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Purpose
- The purposes of this study were to examine the relationship between health belief and exercise compliance among elderly adults at senior centers and to identify factors influencing their exercise compliance.
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Methods
- The subjects of this study were 100 elderly adults who were using senior centers in J City. Data were collected from the 5th of August to the 14th of September in 2014 using a questionnaire about general characteristics, health belief, and exercise compliance. Data analysis included one-way ANOVA, independent t-test, Pearson's correlation, and stepwise multiple regression using the SPSS/WIN 18.0 program.
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Results
- The mean score for exercise compliance was 3.85 (range 1~5), and for perceived health state 3.17 (range 1~5). The mean score for each of the sub-factors of health belief was 3.89 for benefit, 1.94 for barrier, 3.34 for severity, 2.43 for sensitivity, and 3.65 for exercise self-efficacy (range 1~5). There was a significant correlation between exercise compliance and exercise benefit, and 28% of variance in exercise compliance was explained by exercise benefit in health belief, family history of illnesses, and perceived sensitivity in health belief.
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Conclusion
- To promote exercise compliance among elderly adults at senior centers, exercise programs emphasizing exercise benefit should be developed.
Table 1
General Characteristics of Subjects (N=100)
Table 2
The Degree of Research Variables in Subjects (N=100)
Table 3
The Differences of the Exercise Compliance according to General Characteristics of Subjects
Table 4
Correlation between Exercise Compliance and Other Variables in Subjects (N=100)
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- An Ethnography on the Healthy Life of the Aged Women Participating the Senior Centers
Eunha Kim, Jinhyang Yang
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2018; 48(3): 349. CrossRef
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XML DownloadThe Relationship between Health Belief and Exercise Compliance among Elderly Adults at Senior Centers
The Relationship between Health Belief and Exercise Compliance among Elderly Adults at Senior Centers
| Characteristics | Categories | n (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Gender | Male | 7 (7.0) |
| Female | 93 (93.0) | |
| Age (year) M±SD=78.4±5.56 | 65~69 | 8 (8.0) |
| 70~74 | 17 (17.0) | |
| 75~79 | 26 (26.0) | |
| 80~84 | 36 (36.0) | |
| ≥85 | 13 (13.0) | |
| Spouse | Yes | 22 (22.0) |
| No | 78 (78.0) | |
| Education | Illiteracy | 27 (27.0) |
| Literacy | 30 (30.0) | |
| Elementary school | 30 (30.0) | |
| ≥Middle school | 13 (13.0) | |
| Number of children | 1~2 | 15 (15.0) |
| 3~4 | 44 (44.0) | |
| ≥5 | 39 (39.0) | |
| None | 2 (2.0) | |
| Religion | Yes | 91 (91.0) |
| No | 9 (9.0) | |
| Job | Yes | 5 (5.0) |
| No | 95 (95.0) | |
| Economic state | Low | 16 (16.0) |
| Middle | 76 (76.0) | |
| High | 8 (8.0) | |
| Number of medications | 0 | 21 (21.0) |
| 1~3 | 46 (46.0) | |
| 4~7 | 22 (22.0) | |
| ≥8 | 11 (11.0) | |
| Using periods per senior centers (year) M±SD=77.8±55.54 (month) | <2 | 18 (18.0) |
| 2~<5 | 30 (30.0) | |
| 5~<10 | 42 (42.0) | |
| ≥10 | 10 (10.0) | |
| Family history of illnesses | Yes | 22 (22.0) |
| No | 78 (78.0) | |
| Who asks to join in exercising of senior center to you? | Health specialist | 51 (51.0) |
| Family/principal | 10 (10.0) | |
| Friend/neighborhood | 39 (39.0) |
| Variables | M±SD | Possible range | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Exercise compliance | 3.9±0.68 | 1~5 | |
| Perceived health state | 3.2±0.74 | 1~5 | |
| Health belief | Benefit | 3.9±0.47 | 1~5 |
| Barrier | 1.9±0.66 | 1~5 | |
| Severity | 3.3±0.77 | 1~5 | |
| Sensitivity | 2.4±0.99 | 1~5 | |
| ESE | 3.7±0.79 | 1~5 | |
| Characteristics | Categories | n | Exercise compliance | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| M±SD | t or F (p) | |||
| Gender | Male | 7 | 3.8±0.42 | -0.17 (.862) |
| Female | 93 | 3.9±0.70 | ||
| Age (year) M±SD=78.4±5.56 | 65~69 | 8 | 3.6±0.54 | 0.91 (.457) |
| 70~74 | 17 | 3.8±0.66 | ||
| 75~79 | 26 | 3.8±0.73 | ||
| 80~84 | 36 | 3.9±0.64 | ||
| ≥85 | 13 | 4.2±0.76 | ||
| Spouse | Yes | 22 | 3.7±0.69 | -1.57 (.118) |
| No | 78 | 3.9±0.67 | ||
| Education | Illiteracy | 27 | 4.0±0.75 | 2.08 (.108) |
| Literacy | 30 | 4.0±0.76 | ||
| Elementary school | 30 | 3.6±0.52 | ||
| ≥Middle school | 13 | 3.8±0.53 | ||
| Number of children | 1~2 | 15 | 4.1±0.71 | 2.31 (.080) |
| 3~4 | 44 | 3.7±0.64 | ||
| ≥5 | 39 | 4.0±0.66 | ||
| None | 2 | 3.3±0.94 | ||
| Religion | Yes | 91 | 3.9±0.67 | 2.08 (.040) |
| No | 9 | 3.4±0.59 | ||
| Job | Yes | 5 | 3.9±0.36 | 0.26 (.790) |
| No | 95 | 3.8±0.69 | ||
| Economic | Low | 16 | 4.0±1.08 | 0.44 (.643) |
| Middle | 76 | 3.8±0.57 | ||
| High | 8 | 3.8±0.68 | ||
| Number of medications | 0 | 21 | 3.8±0.65 | 0.20 (.895) |
| 1~3 | 46 | 3.9±0.69 | ||
| 4~7 | 22 | 3.9±0.76 | ||
| ≥8 | 11 | 3.8±0.58 | ||
| Using periods per senior centers M±SD=77.8±55.54 (month) | <2 | 18 | 3.9±0.73 | 1.86 (.140) |
| 2~<5 | 30 | 4.0±0.73 | ||
| 5~<10 | 42 | 3.7±0.63 | ||
| ≥10 | 10 | 3.9±0.49 | ||
| Family history of illnesses | Yes | 22 | 4.1±0.60 | 1.99 (.049) |
| No | 78 | 3.8±0.69 | ||
| Who asks to join in exercising of senior center to you? | Health specialista | 51 | 3.7±0.68 | 5.30 (.007) a<c |
| Family/principalb | 10 | 3.7±0.37 | ||
| Friend/neighborhoodc | 39 | 4.1±0.67 | ||
| Variables | Exercise compliance | Perceived health state | Health belief | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Benefit | Barrier | Severity | Sensitivity | ESE | ||||
| r (p) | r (p) | r (p) | r (p) | r (p) | r (p) | r (p) | ||
| Exercise compliance | 1 | .26 (.009) | .45 (.000) | -.30 (.003) | .18 (.074) | -.33 (.001) | .26 (.009) | |
| Perceived health state | .26 (.009) | 1 | .28 (.005) | -.01 (.935) | .12 (.229) | -.01 (.918) | .12 (.237) | |
| Health belief | Benefit | .45 (<.001) | .28 (.005) | 1 | -.50 (<.001) | .21 (.037) | -.35 (<.001) | .40 (<.001) |
| Barrier | -.30 (.003) | -.01 (.935) | -.50 (<.001) | 1 | .14 (.158) | .42 (<.001) | -.22 (.028) | |
| Severity | .18 (.074) | .12 (.229) | .21 (.037) | .14 (.158) | 1 | .17 (.089) | .16 (.121) | |
| Sensitivity | -.33 (.001) | -.01 (.918) | -.35 (<.001) | .42 (<.001) | .17 (.089) | 1 | -.41 (<.001) | |
| ESE | .26 (.009) | .12 (.237) | .40 (<.001) | -.22 (.028) | .16 (.121) | -.41 (<.001) | 1 | |
| Variable | B | SD | β | t | p | Adj. R2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (Constant) | 2.22 | 0.60 | 0.40 | 3.71 | <.001 | |
| Benefit | 0.57 | 0.13 | -0.23 | 4.28 | <.001 | .20 |
| Family history of illnesses | -0.37 | 0.14 | -0.19 | -2.62 | .010 | .05 |
| Sensitivity | -0.13 | 0.06 | -2.07 | .041 | .03 | |
| Adj. R2=.28, F=4.29, p=.041. | ||||||
Table 1
General Characteristics of Subjects (N=100)
Table 2
The Degree of Research Variables in Subjects (N=100)
ESE=exercise self efficacy.
Table 3
The Differences of the Exercise Compliance according to General Characteristics of Subjects
a, b, c: Scheffétest.
Table 4
Correlation between Exercise Compliance and Other Variables in Subjects (N=100)
ESE=exercise self efficacy.
Table 5
The Influencing Factors on the Exercise Compliance (N=100)
Dummy variables (Without Family (parents, spouse, sister, brother, children), history of illnesses=0).
Table 1
Table 2
Table 3
Table 4
Table 5
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© Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.
College of Nursing, Yonsei University, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea
E-mail: office@rcphn.org
© Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.