1롯데백화점 마산점 보건관리자
2창원대학교 간호학과 부교수
1Health Manager, Masan Store, LOTTE Department Store, Masan, Korea
2Associate professor, Department of nursing Changwon National University, Changwon, Korea
Copyright © 2023 Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Conflict of interest
The authors declared no conflict of interest.
Funding
None.
Authors’ contributions
Ryu, Bongsoon contributed to the conceptualization, data curation, formal analysis, methodology, writing - original draft, investigation, resources, and software. Park, Bohyun contributed to the conceptualization, methodology, project administration, writing - review & editing, resources, and supervision.
Data availability
Please contact the corresponding author for data availability.
Characteristics | Categories |
Somatic symptoms of Severity level |
χ2 | p | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Low or lower n (%) | Moderate or higher n (%) | ||||
Gender | Male | 12 (10.8) | 7 ( 6.5) | 1.25 | .264 |
Female | 99 (89.2) | 100 (93.5) | |||
Age (year) | <40 | 27 (24.4) | 22 (20.6) | 2.21 | .331 |
40~49 | 32 (28.8) | 41 (38.3) | |||
≥50 | 52 (46.8) | 44 (41.1) | |||
Marital state | Single | 24 (21.6) | 25 (23.4) | 2.75 | .253 |
Married | 81 (73.0) | 70 (65.4) | |||
Others | 6 (5.4) | 12 (11.2) | |||
Education level | ≤High school | 55 (49.6) | 48 (44.9) | 6.31 | .043 |
College | 33 (29.7) | 47 (43.9) | |||
≥University | 23 (20.7) | 12 (11.2) | |||
Monthly income (10,000 won) | <200 | 54 (48.7) | 34 (31.8) | 6.8 | .033 |
200~299 | 37 (33.3) | 51 (47.7) | |||
≥300 | 20 (18.0) | 22 (20.5) | |||
Subjective health status | Healthy | 70 (63.1) | 20 (18.7) | 47.04† | <.001 |
Moderate | 37 (33.3) | 67 (62.6) | |||
Unhealthy | 4 (3.6) | 20 (18.7) | |||
Disease being treated | Yes | 19 (17.1) | 24 (22.4) | 0.97 | .324 |
No | 92 (82.9) | 83 (77.6) | |||
Work experience (year) | <10 | 33 (29.7) | 22 (20.6) | 2.71 | .438 |
10~14 | 22 (19.8) | 21 (19.6) | |||
15~19 | 28 (25.2) | 33 (30.8) | |||
≥20 | 28 (25.2) | 31 (29.0) | |||
Employment status | Regular | 30 (27.0) | 31 (29.0) | 4.82 | .186 |
Contract worker | 11 (9.9) | 11 (10.3) | |||
Individual business | 38 (34.2) | 47 (43.9) | |||
Part time or others | 32 (28.8) | 18 (16.8) | |||
Department of work | Sales | 70 (63.1) | 79 (73.8) | 3.44 | .329 |
Cashier | 18 (16.2) | 10 (9.3) | |||
MVG lounge | 15 (13.5) | 11 (10.3) | |||
Intergrated service center, customer relations office | 8 (7.2) | 7 (6.6) | |||
Average working hours per week | <40 | 17 (15.3) | 4 (3.7) | 8.72 | .033 |
(hour) | 40~49 | 60 (54.1) | 62 (58.0) | ||
50~59 | 24 (21.6) | 30 (28.0) | |||
≥60 | 10 (9.0) | 11 (10.3) | |||
Average numbers of customers treatment per day | <29 | 53 (47.7) | 47 (43.9) | 0.32 | .571 |
≥30 | 58 (52.3) | 60 (56.1) |
Characteristics | Categories | n (%) | M±SD |
---|---|---|---|
Gender | Male | 19 (8.7) | |
Female | 199 (91.3) | ||
Age (year) | <40 | 49 (22.5) | 46.22±9.16 |
40~49 | 73 (33.5) | ||
≥50 | 96 (44.0) | ||
Marital status | Single | 49 (22.5) | |
Married | 151 (69.3) | ||
Others | 18 (8.2) | ||
Education level | ≤High school | 103 (47.2) | |
College | 80 (36.7) | ||
≥University | 35 (16.1) | ||
Monthly income (10,000 won) | <200 | 88 (40.4) | |
200~299 | 88 (40.4) | ||
≥300 | 42 (19.2) | ||
Subjective health status | Healthy | 90 (41.3) | |
Moderate | 104 (47.7) | ||
Unhealthy | 24 (11.0) | ||
Disease being treated | Yes | 43 (19.7) | |
No | 175 (80.3) | ||
Work experience (year) | <10 | 55 (25.2) | 14.33±6.74 |
10~14 | 43 (19.7) | ||
15~19 | 61 (28.0) | ||
≥20 | 59 (27.1) | ||
Employment status | Regular | 61 (28.0) | |
Contract worker | 22 (10.1) | ||
Individual business | 85 (39.0) | ||
Part time or others | 50 (22.9) | ||
Department of work | Sales | 149 (68.4) | |
Cashier | 28 (12.8) | ||
MVG lounge | 26 (11.9) | ||
Intergrated service center, customer relations office | 15 (6.9) | ||
Average working hours per week (hour) | <40 | 21 (9.6) | 45.51±9.10 |
40~49 | 122 (56.0) | ||
50~59 | 54 (24.8) | ||
≥60 | 21 (9.6) | ||
Average numbers of customers responding per day | <29 | 100 (45.9) | 47.00±51.28 |
≥30 | 118 (54.1) |
Variables | Total | Normal group | Risk group |
---|---|---|---|
M±SD | n (%) | n (%) | |
Emotional labor | 52.61±16.21 | ||
Emotional demanding and regulation | 76.39±17.53 | 105 (48.2) | 113 (51.8) |
Overload and conflict in customer service | 61.98±26.49 | 141 (64.7) | 77 (35.3) |
Emotional disharmony and hurt | 54.56±25.50 | 132 (60.6) | 86 (39.4) |
Organizational surveillance and monitoring | 31.86±25.97 | 164 (75.2) | 54 (24.8) |
Organizational supportive and protective system | 38.25±20.24 | 146 (67.0) | 72 (33.0) |
Workplace violence | 14.90±9.51 | ||
Experience of psychological and sexual violence from customer | 12.86±13.10 | 129 (59.2) | 89 (40.8) |
Experience of psychological and sexual violence from supervisor and coworker | 4.11±9.11 | 165 (75.7) | 53 (24.3) |
Organizational protective system for workplace violence | 41.96±28.13 | 161 (73.9) | 57 (26.1) |
Variables | Total | Low or lower | Moderate or higher |
M±SD | n (%) | n (%) | |
Somatic symptoms | 9.44±5.41 | ||
Severity level of somatic symptoms | 111 (50.9) | 107 (49.1) |
Characteristics | Categories | Somatic symptoms of Severity level |
χ2 | p | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Low or lower n (%) | Moderate or higher n (%) | ||||
Gender | Male | 12 (10.8) | 7 ( 6.5) | 1.25 | .264 |
Female | 99 (89.2) | 100 (93.5) | |||
Age (year) | <40 | 27 (24.4) | 22 (20.6) | 2.21 | .331 |
40~49 | 32 (28.8) | 41 (38.3) | |||
≥50 | 52 (46.8) | 44 (41.1) | |||
Marital state | Single | 24 (21.6) | 25 (23.4) | 2.75 | .253 |
Married | 81 (73.0) | 70 (65.4) | |||
Others | 6 (5.4) | 12 (11.2) | |||
Education level | ≤High school | 55 (49.6) | 48 (44.9) | 6.31 | .043 |
College | 33 (29.7) | 47 (43.9) | |||
≥University | 23 (20.7) | 12 (11.2) | |||
Monthly income (10,000 won) | <200 | 54 (48.7) | 34 (31.8) | 6.8 | .033 |
200~299 | 37 (33.3) | 51 (47.7) | |||
≥300 | 20 (18.0) | 22 (20.5) | |||
Subjective health status | Healthy | 70 (63.1) | 20 (18.7) | 47.04 |
<.001 |
Moderate | 37 (33.3) | 67 (62.6) | |||
Unhealthy | 4 (3.6) | 20 (18.7) | |||
Disease being treated | Yes | 19 (17.1) | 24 (22.4) | 0.97 | .324 |
No | 92 (82.9) | 83 (77.6) | |||
Work experience (year) | <10 | 33 (29.7) | 22 (20.6) | 2.71 | .438 |
10~14 | 22 (19.8) | 21 (19.6) | |||
15~19 | 28 (25.2) | 33 (30.8) | |||
≥20 | 28 (25.2) | 31 (29.0) | |||
Employment status | Regular | 30 (27.0) | 31 (29.0) | 4.82 | .186 |
Contract worker | 11 (9.9) | 11 (10.3) | |||
Individual business | 38 (34.2) | 47 (43.9) | |||
Part time or others | 32 (28.8) | 18 (16.8) | |||
Department of work | Sales | 70 (63.1) | 79 (73.8) | 3.44 | .329 |
Cashier | 18 (16.2) | 10 (9.3) | |||
MVG lounge | 15 (13.5) | 11 (10.3) | |||
Intergrated service center, customer relations office | 8 (7.2) | 7 (6.6) | |||
Average working hours per week | <40 | 17 (15.3) | 4 (3.7) | 8.72 | .033 |
(hour) | 40~49 | 60 (54.1) | 62 (58.0) | ||
50~59 | 24 (21.6) | 30 (28.0) | |||
≥60 | 10 (9.0) | 11 (10.3) | |||
Average numbers of customers treatment per day | <29 | 53 (47.7) | 47 (43.9) | 0.32 | .571 |
≥30 | 58 (52.3) | 60 (56.1) |
Variables | Categories | Somatic symptoms of Severity level |
χ2 | p | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Low or lower n (%) | Moderate or higher n (%) | ||||
Emotional labor | |||||
Emotional demanding and regulation | Normal group | 66 (59.5) | 39 (36.4) | 11.56 | .001 |
Risk group | 45 (40.5) | 68 (63.6) | |||
Overload and conflict in customer service | Normal group | 86 (77.5) | 55 (51.4) | 16.22 | <.001 |
Risk group | 25 (22.5) | 52 (48.6) | |||
Emotional disharmony and hurt | Normal group | 82 (73.9) | 50 (46.7) | 16.81 | <.001 |
Risk group | 29 (26.1) | 57 (53.3) | |||
Organizational surveillance and monitoring | Normal group | 95 (85.6) | 69 (64.5) | 13.02 | <.001 |
Risk group | 16 (14.4) | 38 (35.5) | |||
Organizational supportive and protective system | Normal group | 77 (69.4) | 69 (64.5) | 0.59 | .443 |
Risk group | 34 (30.6) | 38 (35.5) | |||
Workplace violence | |||||
Experience of psychological and sexual violence from customer | Normal group | 82 (73.9) | 47 (43.9) | 20.23 | <.001 |
Risk group | 29 (26.1) | 60 (56.1) | |||
Experience of psychological and sexual violence from supervisor and coworker | Normal group | 92 (82.9) | 73 (68.2) | 6.36 | .012 |
Risk group | 19 (17.1) | 34 (31.8) | |||
Organizational protective system for workplace violence | Normal group | 82 (73.9) | 79 (73.8) | 0.00 | .994 |
Risk group | 29 (26.1) | 28 (26.2) |
Variables | Categories | OR | 95% CI | p |
---|---|---|---|---|
Education level | ≥University | 1.00 | ||
College | 3.07 | 1.06-8.86 | .039 | |
≤High school | 1.74 | 0.62-4.88 | .291 | |
Monthly income (10,000 won) | <200 | 1.00 | ||
200~299 | 2.95 | 1.30-6.72 | .010 | |
≥300 | 2.56 | 0.82-8.00 | .106 | |
Subjective health status | Healthy | 1.00 | ||
Moderate | 7.83 | 3.45-17.79 | <.001 | |
Unhealthy | 25.47 | 6.04-107.34 | <.001 | |
Average working hours per | <40 | 1.00 | ||
Week (hour) | 40~49 | 3.93 | 0.87-17.81 | .076 |
50~59 | 5.25 | 1.05-26.38 | .044 | |
≥60 | 2.82 | 0.43-18.54 | .282 | |
Emotional labor | ||||
Emotional demanding and regulation | Normal group | 1.00 | ||
Risk group | 2.00 | 0.91-4.44 | .086 | |
Overload and conflict in customer service | Normal group | 1.00 | ||
Risk group | 1.32 | 0.57-3.05 | .510 | |
Emotional disharmony and hurt | ||||
Normal group | 1.00 | |||
Risk group | 1.72 | 0.76-3.91 | .194 | |
Organizational surveillance and monitoring | Normal group | 1.00 | ||
Risk group | 1.63 | 0.64-4.13 | .305 | |
Workplace violence | ||||
Experience of psychological and sexual violence from customer | Normal group | 1.00 | ||
Risk group | 2.94 | 1.27-6.79 | .012 | |
Experience of psychological and sexual violence from | Normal group | 1.00 | ||
supervisor and coworker | Risk group | 0.80 | 0.32-2.03 | .639 |
Cox & Snell's R2 | 0.37 | Nagelkerke's R2 | 0.50 | |
Hosmer & Lemeshow's, χ2(p) | 9.34(.323) | Accuracy | 78.9% |
MVG=most valuable guest.
MVG=most valuable guest; Fisher’s exact test.
OR=odds ratio; CI=confidence interval.