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Factors Influencing Burnout in Primary Family Caregivers of Hospital-based Home Care Patients

Article information

Res Community Public Health Nurs. 2018;29(1):54-64
Publication date (electronic) : 2018 March 12
doi : https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2018.29.1.54
Ju Ok Yang1, Hye Kyung Lee,2
1Department of Home Health Care, Chung-Nam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea
2Department of Nursing, Kongju National University, Gongju, Korea
Corresponding author: Lee, Hye Kyung Department of Nursing, Kongju National University, 56 Gongjudeahak-ro, Gongju 32588, Korea. Tel: +82-41-850-0313, Fax: +82-41-850-0315, E-mail: hklee@kongju.ac.kr
Received 2017 September 05; Revised 2018 January 29; Accepted 2018 January 29.

Abstract

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to identify factors influencing burnout in primary family caregivers of Home Health Care Patients.

Methods

Data were collected from 121 primary family caregivers of home health care patients in three different hospitals in ‘D’ metropolitan city and the study was conducted from August 10, 2016 to January 17, 2017. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient, Stepwise Multiple Linear Regression.

Results

Mean scores for the nursing needs of the participants were 3.54±0.79, the family functions were 1.24±0.58, the burnouts were 2.74±0.49. The burnouts were positively correlated with the nursing needs but inversely correlated with the family function. The factor that had the greatest influence on the burnouts of primary family caregivers of Home Health Care was family function (β=-.245, p=.001), followed by patients' daily activity (β=-.213, p=.014), age (β=.208, p=.032), monthly nursing services cost (β=-.196, p=.044) and nursing needs (β=.129, p=.014). The Explanatory Power of Models was 23%.

Conclusion

Individually customized home care nursing intervention programs are required to be provided in accordance with patient's family function and daily activity, monthly home care nursing service cost, nursing needs and general characteristics of primary care-givers of Home Health Care Patients such as their age, the number of family members living together, sex and the name of disease.

Keywords: Home health nursing; Caregivers; Family function; Nursing needs; Burnout

General Characteristics in Primary Family Caregivers (N=121)

Scores for Nursing Needs, Family Function, and Burnout (N=121)

Differences in Caregivers' Burnout General Characteristics (N=121)

Correlation among Nursing Needs, Family Function and Burnout (N=121)

Factors Affecting Caregivers' Burnout (N=121)

References

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Article information Continued

Copyright © 2018 Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Table 1.

General Characteristics in Primary Family Caregivers (N=121)

Characteristics Categories n (%) M±SD Range
Age (year) ≤49 18 (14.9) 62.35±13.1 24~86
50~59 29 (24.0)
60~69 43 (35.5)
≥70 31 (25.6)
Gender Male 20 (16.5)
Female 101 (83.5)
Education Elementary 26 (21.5)
Middle school 23 (19.0)
≥High school 72 (59.5)
Marital status Married 111 (91.7)
Not married 10 (8.3)
Job Have 36 (29.8)
Not have 85 (70.2)
Relationship to the patient Spouse 70 (57.9)
Children 29 (24.0)
Brother/sister 11 (9.1)
Parents 11 (9.1)
Care hours per day ≤8 21 (17.4) 18.33±7.28 2~24
9~16 18 (14.9)
17~24 82 (67.8)
Number of families living together None 32 (26.4) 1.80±1.59 0~7
1~2 49 (40.5)
3 40 (33.1)
Duration of home care service (month) ＜11 44 (36.4)
≥12 77 (63.6)
Frequency of home care service (month) 1 23 (19.0)
2~3 36 (29.8)
≥4 62 (51.2)
Home care service fee (month) Fee free 47 (38.8)
￦10,000~50,000 47 (38.8)
≥￦60,000 27 (22.3)
Perceived health status Bad 60 (49.6)
Moderate 44 (36.4)
Good 17 (14.0)
Age of patients (year) ≤49 13 (10.7) 69.21±16.19 4~93
50~59 14 (11.6)
60~69 25 (20.7)
70~79 36 (29.8)
≥80 33 (27.3)
Gender of patients Male 71 (58.7)
Female 50 (41.3)
Diagnosis of patients Musculoskeletal Cerebrovascular 13 (10.7) 64 (52.9)
Neoplasm 22 (18.2)
Dementia 22 (18.2)
ADL of patients Independent 5 (4.1)
Interdependent 42 (34.7)
Dependent 74 (61.2)

ADL=activities of daily living.

Table 2.

Scores for Nursing Needs, Family Function, and Burnout (N=121)

Characteristics Categories M±SD n (%)
Nursing needs 3.54±0.79
Needs information related to disease treatment and nursing 4.22±0.76
Training and assistance requirements related to physical functioning levels 3.14±1.23
Need for social support and counseling 3.30±0.87
Management needs of nursing problems related to immobility 3.37±1.22
A request for recognition 3.28±1.11
Need to communicate with patient 3.89±0.95
Necessity for promptness of nursing and help 4.12±0.93
Family function 1.24±0.58
Low grade (0~3) 22 (18.2)
Moderate grade (4~6) 43 (35.5)
High grade (7~10) 56 (46.3)
Burnout 2.74±0.49
Emotional 3.18±0.85
Personal accomplishment 2.64±0.63
Depersonaliization 2.41±0.74

Table 3.

Differences in Caregivers' Burnout General Characteristics (N=121)

Characteristics Categories Burnout
M±SD t or F (p)
Age (year) ≤49a 2.65±0.41 4.22 (.007)
50~59b 2.71±0.51 a, b, c＜d
60~69c 2.62±0.50
≥70d 3.00±0.43
Gender Men 2.67±0.50 -0.68 (.496)
Women 2.76±0.49
Education Elementary school 2.86±0.40 0.93 (.397)
Middle school 2.75±0.63
≥High school 2.70±0.48
Marital status Married 2.75±0.50 -0.88 (.380)
Not married 2.61±0.39
Job Have 2.75±0.45 -0.14 (.887)
Not have 2.74±0.52
Relationship to the patient Spouse 2.81±0.55 1.32 (.272)
Children 2.60±0.45
Brother/sister 2.78±0.30
Parents 2.67±0.32
Care hours per day ≤8 2.93±0.49 2.47 (.089)
9~16 2.60±0.31
17~24 2.73±0.52
Number of families living together 0a 2.79±0.52 3.24 (.043)
1~2b 2.84±0.46 a, b＞c
≥3c 2.58±0.49
Frequency of home care service (month) 1 2.63±0.54 0.90 (.409)
2~3 2.72±0.41
≥4 2.79±0.52
Duration of home care service (month) ≤11 2.83±0.50 1.48 (.141)
≥12 2.69±0.49
Home care service fee (month) Fee freea 2.91±0.55 5.25 (.007)
￦10,000~50,000b 2.68±0.42 a＞b, c
≥￦60.000c 2.56±0.42
Perceived health status Bad 2.81±0.48 2.72 (.070)
Moderate 2.74±0.39
Good 2.50±0.71
Age of patients (year) ≤49a 2.62±0.44 1.41 (.236)
50~59b 2.72±0.59
60~69c 2.75±0.58
70~79d 2.65±0.36
≤80e 2.90±0.51
Gender of patients Male 2.80±0.53 1.41 (.161)
Female 2.67±0.43
Diagnosis of patients Musculoskeletala 2.58±0.46 2.98 (.034)
Cerebrovascularb 2.70±0.49 a, b, c＜d
Neoplasmc 2.70±0.42
Dementiad 3.01±0.53
ADL of patients Independenta 2.84±0.12 3.49 (.018)
Interdependentb 2.93±0.46
Dependentc 2.63±0.50

ADL=activities of daily living.

Table 4.

Correlation among Nursing Needs, Family Function and Burnout (N=121)

Variables Nursing needs Family function
r (p) r (p)
Family function .13 (.077)
Burnout .16 (.037) -.29 (.001)

Table 5.

Factors Affecting Caregivers' Burnout (N=121)

Variables B SE β t p
(Constant) 2.71 0.20 13.82 ＜.001
Family function -0.25 0.07 -.29 -3.54 .001
ADL of patient (dependent) -0.21 0.09 -.21 -2.49 .014
Age (≥70) 0.21 0.10 .18 2.18 .032
Home care service fee (≥￦60,000) -0.20 0.10 -.17 -2.04 .044
Nursing needs 0.13 0.05 .21 2.51 .014
R2=.26, Adj. R2=.23, F=8.26, p＜.001

ADL=activities of daily living; SE=standard error; Adj. R2=Adjusted coefficient of determination R2.