Research in Community and Public Health Nursing

Volume 31 (1); March 2020

Original Articles

The Effects of Emotional Labor and Job Satisfaction on Organizational Commitment in Staffs by the Size of Facility: Hye Young Jang, Eun Ok Song, Yu Jin Suh; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2020;31(1):1-12. Published online March 31, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2020.31.1.1

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Abstract PDF: Purpose
The purpose of this study was to identify the factors influencing organizational commitment of staffs according to the size of long-term care facility.
Methods
A cross-sectional descriptive study was designed. Data collection was conducted for a total of 315 employees in long-term care facilities located in Seoul, Gyeonggi, Gangwon, Gyeongbuk, and Chungnam. Data were collected from July 2018 to October 2018 using questionnaires which included emotional labor, job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and general characteristics. In order to confirm the differences in the size of the facility, the facilities with less than 30 beds, those with 30-99 beds, and those with more than 100 beds were analyzed. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis H test, Pearson's correlation analysis, and multiple regression.
Results
The job satisfaction and organizational commitment were significantly different according to the size of long-term care facility. Organizational commitment was influenced by ‘external job satisfaction’ in less than 30 beds, was influenced by ‘external job satisfaction, and attentiveness to required display rules of emotional labor’ in 30~99 beds, and then was influenced by ‘type of job, and internal job satisfaction’ in more than 100 beds. The predict variables accounted for 23.0%, 41.0%, and 34.0% of organizational commitment respectively.
Conclusion
These findings show that tailored interventions should be provided depending on the size of facility in order to increase organizational commitment. In addition, organizational commitment programs should be developed by considering strategies to reduce the emotional labor and to increase job satisfaction.

Socioeconomic Inequalities in Depressive Symptoms among Korean Older Men and Women: Contribution of Social Support Resources: Jeong Lee, Kyung Won Choi, Gyeong-Suk Jeon; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2020;31(1):13-23. Published online March 31, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2020.31.1.13

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4 Citations

Purpose
This study explored the contribution of social support resources to the explanation of socioeconomic inequalities in depressive symptoms of older Korean men and women.
Methods
Data were derived from Living Profiles of Older People Survey (LPOPS), which comprises a nationally representative sample of non-institutionalized Korean older adults living in the community. The data were analyzed by using multiple logistic regression. The sample consisted of 4,046 men and 6,036 women aged ≥65 years. The Korean version of the Geriatric Depression Scale-Short form (SGDS-K) was employed as an outcome variable.
Results
Compared to the older men and women who were in higher socioeconomic status, those in lower socioeconomic status had significantly higher risk of depressive symptoms after adjusting for other covariates. When social support resources were individually included in the base model, each factor contributed to inequalities in depressive symptoms. Social networks explained about 20% of the differential impact of education and 10% to 15% of the differential impact of household income for depressive symptoms in men. Among women, it mitigated 23.6% to 39.0% of education and household income inequalities for depressive symptoms. Social participation contributed to buffer depressive symptom inequalities of 24.0% to 46.3% among men and those of 11.7% to 45.3% among women.
Conclusion
Our findings suggest community care nurses acknowledge the value of social support resources to alleviate socioeconomic inequality in depressive symptoms among older men and women.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Trends in Dietary Behavior Changes by Region using 2008 ~ 2019 Community Health Survey Data
Yun-Hui Jeong, Hye-Young Kim, Hae-Young Lee
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2022; 27(2): 132. CrossRef
Effectiveness of Social Support for Community-Dwelling Elderly with Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Seon Heui Lee, Hanju Lee, Soyoung Yu
Healthcare.2022; 10(9): 1598. CrossRef
A Longitudinal Study of the Reciprocal Relationship between Depression and Income among Korean Older Men and Women
Jeong Lee, Gyeong-Suk Jeon
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2022; 52(4): 451. CrossRef
The Death Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms among Poor Older Women in Rural Areas: The Moderating Effect of Social Support
Seung Joo Lim, Young Ko, Chunmi Kim, Hung Sa Lee
Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2017; 28(4): 440. CrossRef

Effects of Anxiety on Health Related Quality of Life of the Elderly: Multiple Mediating Effects of Self-esteem and Social Support: Min Jeong Park, Mi Young Chung; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2020;31(1):24-33. Published online March 31, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2020.31.1.24

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Abstract PDF

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to examine the mediating effect of self-esteem and social support on the relationship between anxiety and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in the elderly.
Methods
The Korea adult psycho-social anxiety survey data were collected from August to September 2015 by the Korea Institute for Health. The subjects were 1,035 elderly people who were aged 65 or older at the time of the data survey. The data were analyzed by t-test, chi-square, Pearson correlation coefficient, and parallel redundant mediated model for PROCESS macro using SPSS 23.0.
Results
They scored an average of 37.93±7.58 for anxiety, 28.59±3.45 for self-esteem, 17.25±4.11 for social support, and 0.88±0.11 for HRQoL. The direct effect of anxiety on HRQoL and the indirect effect of anxiety mediated with self-esteem and social support about HRQoL were statistically significant.
Conclusion
These results indicate that in order to increase the HRQoL of the elderly, it is necessary to develop an intervention program that focuses not only on reducing anxiety but also on improving self-esteem and social support.

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Differences in the Effects of Work Environment on Health Problems and Satisfaction of Working Condition by Gender: The 6th Korean Working Conditions Survey
Chae Hyeseon, Park Sooin, Kim Insoo, Ko Myungsun
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2023; 20(19): 6824. CrossRef
Health-related quality of life measured with the EQ-5D-5L in critical care survivors: A cross-sectional study
Jiyeon Kang, Seonyoung Yun, Jiwon Hong
Intensive and Critical Care Nursing.2022; 72: 103252. CrossRef

The Mediating Effect of Spirituality between Nurses' Empathy and Elderly Care Performance in the Long Term Care Hospitals: Hee Ok Park, Eun Kyung Kim, Kyoung Ja Moon, Min Ji Kim; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2020;31(1):34-42. Published online March 31, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2020.31.1.34

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Abstract PDF

Purpose
The objective of this study was to identify whether spirituality mediates the relationship between empathy and elderly care performance among Long Term Care (LTC) hospitals nurses in Korea.
Methods
The data collection was performed July 1st to August 31th, 2018. Participants were 119 nurses from three long-term care hospitals in Korea. Self-reported questionnaires were administered to assess general characteristics, empathy, spirituality and elderly care performance. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and three-stage simple and multiple regression analysis as proposed by Baron and Kenny.
Results
The level of elderly care performance of participants was significantly different based on age (F=3.92, p=.010) and nurse's position (t=−2.18, p=.031). Spirituality had a significant mediating effect on the relationship between empathy and elderly care performance (Z=3.64, p<.001).
Conclusion
As spirituality completely mediates the relationship between empathy and elderly care performance, it is necessary to develop a nursing education program that applies spirituality and empathy and supports religious activities at an institutional level.

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The Association between Perceived Job Stress and Satisfaction, Empathy and Spiritual Beliefs on Burnout and Emotional Distress in Nurses: A Cross-sectional Study
Sudipta Debnath, Manoranjitham Sathiyaseelan, Prathap Tharyan, Gowri Mahasampath
Indian Journal of Social Psychiatry.2024; 40(1): 78. CrossRef

Nursing Students' Practice Experience on Community Visiting Nursing: Jae Hyun Ha, Jeong Hee Park; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2020;31(1):43-53. Published online March 31, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2020.31.1.43

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Abstract PDF: Purpose
The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of nursing students' practice on community visiting nursing.
Methods
For this study, in-depth interviews were conducted with a total of 12 nursing students, and data were collected through individual in depth interviews from September to December 2018. The data were analyzed using the phenomenological analysis method suggested by Colaizzi.
Results
The experience of visiting nursing practice consisted of four themes. Four themes are ‘Understanding visiting nursing work: Tight time and problems to overcome’, ‘Understanding visiting nursing object: People waiting for a visiting nurse’, ‘Visiting nursing practice experience: Sometimes to get reprimanded but rewarding practice’, and ‘Expectations for visiting nursing business: Hopes for development’.
Conclusion
Findings from this study presented vivid experiences of nursing students who on community home visit nursing. Community visiting nursing practice became an opportunity for students to understand visiting nursing and target people and to think about the necessity of visiting nursing and future development direction. It is necessary to develop an institutional and policy basis with regard to the increasing number and role expansion of community visit nurses.

Influential Factors of Psychological Well-Being of Migrant Workers: Han Na Jung, Young Suk Kim; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2020;31(1):54-64. Published online March 31, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2020.31.1.54

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Abstract PDF

Purpose
This study aims to identify related factors of psychological well-being of migrant workers in Korea.
Methods
The subjects were 138 migrant workers residing legally in K or B Cities. Data were collected from July 1 to August 31, 2018, using self-report structured questionnaires that were translated into English, Chinese, Vietnamese, and Korean, and were analyzed with descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients and multiple regression.
Results
The most important influencing factors on the psychological well-being of migrant workers were social support (β=.36, p<.001), followed by perceived health status (β=.25, p=.001), education (β=−.18, p=.015), and spouse support (β=.16, p=.032). The overall explanatory power was 28.9%.
Conclusion
In order to improve the psychological well-being of migrant workers, it is required to develop a nursing approach that may promote the social support, health status, and spouse support, and consider the educational level of migrant workers.

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Relationship between social interaction and health of the floating elderly population in China: an analysis based on interaction type, mode and frequency
Yiqing Xing, Liang Zhang, Yuelu Zhang, Ruibo He
BMC Geriatrics.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Social Support for Acculturative Stress, Job Stress, and Perceived Discrimination Among Migrant Workers Moderates COVID-19 Pandemic Depression
Youlim Kim, Hyeonkyeong Lee, Mikyung Lee
International Journal of Public Health.2022;[Epub] CrossRef

The Effect of Nordic Walking Exercise on Physical Indicators and Subjective Happiness of the Middle-aged in Rural Area: Chan Mi Lee, Young Suk Park; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2020;31(1):65-75. Published online March 31, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2020.31.1.65

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Abstract PDF: Purpose
The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of regular Nordic walking exercise on the physical indicators and subjective happiness of middle-aged rural residents.
Methods
A pretest and posttest design with a nonequivalent control group was conducted. The participants of experimental and control group were each 21 subjects from 40 to 64 years old. The Nordic walking exercise program consisted of 24 sessions which were focused on group exercise, and was conducted three times a week for eight weeks.
Results
The experimental group showed significant decreases in body mass index (p=.042), body fat (p<.001), and abdominal fat (p=.026). The experimental group showed significant increases in muscle mass of right lower limb (p=.009) and left lower limb (p=.016) but was not statistically significant in right, left upper limbs and body. On the other hand, the control group showed significant decreases in muscle mass of right upper limb (p=.034), left upper limb p=.038), and body (p=.034). There were no significant differences in systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and subjective happiness between the experimental and the control group.
Conclusion
The Nordic walking exercise should be actively encouraged to improve health of the middle-aged in rural area.

Mediating Effects of Acculturative Stress in the Relationship between Satisfaction with Life, Career Identity and Depression among Vietnamese Students: Eun Sook Bae, Hye Seung Kang, So Young Lee; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2020;31(1):76-85. Published online March 31, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2020.31.1.76

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2 Citations

Abstract PDF

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to examine the mediating effect of acculturative stress on the impact of satisfaction with life and career identity on depression among the Vietnamese students enrolled in a language course in Korea.
Methods
A questionnaire survey was conducted to get answers of 225 Vietnamese students enrolled in the language course in a college in Busan. Data were collected from November to December 2018. The Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation coefficients and path analysis using SPSS/WIN 20.0 and Amos 18.0 program.
Results
Acculturative stress was affected by satisfaction with life (β=−.43, p<.001) and career identity (β=−.45, p<.001). Furthermore, depression was affected by acculturative stress (β=.49, p<.001) and career identity (β=−.25, p<.001), but depression was not affected by the satisfaction with life (β=−.15, p=.029). The mediating effect of acculturative stress between two exogenous variables(satisfaction with life and career identity) and depression was proved.
Conclusion
The result of this study suggests that it is necessary to develop an intervention program to reduce the acculturative stress and depression of Vietnamese students enrolled in the language course.

Citations

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Intercultural sensitivity as a mediator in the relationship between implicit intercultural identification and emotional disturbance—An exploratory study of international high school students
Jiayin He, Xiaoqi Song, Chanyu Wang, Ruibin Zhang
Frontiers in Psychiatry.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Factors Affecting Health-Promoting Behaviors among Vietnamese Students in Korea
Tran Thi Quynh Anh, Minkyung Kang, Nahyun Kim
Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2021; 33(4): 349. CrossRef

A Longitudinal Study on the Correlation between School-life Adjustment and Suicidal Ideation in Adolescents based on the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey: Su Jeong Yang, Jong Eun Lee; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2020;31(1):86-95. Published online March 31, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2020.31.1.86

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Abstract PDF: Purpose
The aim of this study was to examine the correlation between school-life adjustment and suicidal ideation in adolescents by applying the latent growth curve models to the longitudinal data.
Methods
This study analyzed three waves of data from the Korean Children & Youth Panel Survey (2014~2016). A total of 1,534 students were included in the analysis. In the application of the latent growth curve models to the longitudinal survey data, we analyzed the initial status and growth changes for each wave, identified individual differences in the general characteristics, and examined the direct relationship between the two latent constructs.
Results
The analysis revealed that variations in the initial status and rate of school-life adjustment were significant with respect to parents’ education level, household income and academic satisfaction. Variations in the initial status and growth rate of suicidal ideation were significantly associated with household income and family structure. The relationship between school-life adjustment and suicidal ideation showed a negative correlation in which the starting value of the former increased and that of the latter decreased and vice versa.
Conclusion
The results confirmed that school-life adjustment and suicidal ideation varied according to students' general characteristics. In addition, school-life adjustment was negatively correlated with suicidal ideation, thereby highlighting students' ability to adjust as an important factor influencing their suicidal thinking.

The Effects of Acculturative Stress, Career Stress, and Social Support on Depression in Korean International Students in China: Ah Ra Lee, Hye Kyung Lee; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2020;31(1):96-106. Published online March 31, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2020.31.1.96

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Abstract PDF

Purpose
This study aimed to examine the level of acculturative stress, career stress, social support and depression, and identify factors affecting depression among Korean international students in China.
Methods
Data were collected from 157 Korean students studying in undergraduate, graduate, students exchange programs and language training courses in G university, J university, and S university in G city, Guangdong Province, China, from September 1 to October 27, 2017. The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, and multiple linear regression.
Results
The mean acculturative stress was 62.24±18.08 out of 165, whereas the mean career stress was 65.47±19.79 out of 125. The mean social support was 95.03±14.64 out of 125, and the mean depression score was 13.83±9.24 out of 60. The factor that had the greatest effect on depression among the participants was acculturative stress (β=.26, p=.001), followed by career stress (β=.24, p=.002), frequency of weekly phone calls with family (β=.19, p=.006), source of tuition payment (β=.18, p=.009), and self-perceived health (β=.15, p=.040). The model explained 33% of the variance.
Conclusion
It is necessary to develop depression prevention and management programs as well as a customized health promotion program that account for the factors identified to have an effect on depression, namely, acculturative stress, career stress, frequency of weekly phone calls with family, source of tuition payment, and self-perceived health, and increase awareness of depression among international students.

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Efficacy of Interventional Programs in Reducing Acculturative Stress and Enhancing Adjustment of International Students to the New Host Educational Environment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Musheer A. Aljaberi, Abdulsamad Alsalahi, Muhamad Hanafiah Juni, Sarah Noman, Ala’a B. Al-Tammemi, Rukman Awang Hamat
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2021; 18(15): 7765. CrossRef

A Q-methodology Study on Subjective Attitudes toward Dementia in Nursing Students: Eun Ho Ha; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2020;31(1):107-118. Published online March 31, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2020.31.1.107

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Abstract PDF: Purpose
Nursing students are key personnel to take care of people with dementia in the nursing field in future. The purpose of this study was to identify subjective attitudes toward dementia in nursing students.
Methods
Q methodology, which is a research method to study people's subjective points of views, was used. Thirty seven Q-statements (Q-sample) were derived from the Q population (Concourse) and were arranged in rank order by each of 42 participants into a normal distribution grid (from −4 to +4). A QUANL program was used to analyze the collected data.
Results
Three types of attitudes toward dementia were identified: ‘self-guided dementia management’, ‘national-guided dementia management’ and ‘facility-guided dementia management.’ Conclusion The results of this study suggest that nursing strategies to improve understanding of dementia and actively cope with dementia should be considered.

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