PURPOSE The study has been conducted to identify factors affecting the participation in leisure activities by elderly women living alone. METHODS Data were collected through a questionnaire survey among 150 elderly women in Seoul and Gyeong-gi Province. The measurement tools that were used include participation in leisure activities, perceived health status, Geriatric Depression Scale Short Form-Korea (GDSS-K), psychological well-being scale, and loneliness scale. The data were analyzed by using the Pearson correlation coefficients, t-test, analysis of variance ANOVA, and stepwise multiple regression with the SPSS/windows version 21.0 program. RESULTS The analysis shows that the affection for participation in leisure activities of the elderly women living alone who participated in the questionnaire survey is significant (F=14.6, p < .001). The value of the adjusted R2 is 0.55, which accounts for the explanatory power of 55.4%. The predictor that has been found to have the greatest influence on the participation in leisure activities by the elderly women living alone include perceived health status, followed by monthly allowance (10,000 won), psychological well-being, economic status, religion, depression, family structure, and loneliness. CONCLUSION The results suggest that in developing nursing interventions and practice for the participation in leisure activities by elderly women living alone, perceived health status, psychological well-being, depression, and loneliness should be considered.
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PURPOSE This study is to investigate working conditions including job stress among visiting nurses in public health centers in Korea. METHODS An social network based mobile survey was conducted in May 2017 (N=936, response rate: 47.0%). RESULTS The visiting nurses in this study had their average total career as a nurse is 13.7 years. The 68.3% of them were employed in an indefinite term, 17.0% were hired in a fixed term, and 11.0% came from outsourcing. They responded as high job-stress level including inadequate compensation (71.22/100) and job demands (71.91/100). They experienced down-talk (63.4%), swearwords (32.9%), being made a dirty face (39.9%), sexual jokes (30.8%), or being likened or evaluated with their appearance sexually (14.3%). Among the causes of job related conflicts and discrimination, deprived salary level was the most frequent reason (83.4%). The conflicts and discrimination were incurred by government officers (52.4%). There were no significant differences in overall job stress, emotional labor, organizational commitment, violence, and discrimination experience based on their employment types. CONCLUSION The differences in working conditions among the non-regular nurses were trivial, and their overall working conditions were poor. It is necessary to improve non-regular nurses' working conditions in order to make up the limitations of the Korean healthcare system which is centered on hospitals.
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PURPOSE This study has been conducted to identify factors that influence the initiation of treatment after the diagnosis of Korean patients with HIV. METHODS A cross-sectional study design was used, and 290 patients with HIV from outpatient departments of 7 hospitals participated. Self-report questionnaires included items on the days from the primary diagnosis to the initiation of treatment, and the patients' demographic and disease related characteristics. Negative binomial regression model (NBR) was utilized to determine risk factors influencing the initiation of treatment after the diagnosis of the patients with HIV. RESULTS The skewness of days was 6.62, and the degree of asymmetry of distribution was severe. In NBR, patients who were in their 40s and 50s, female, unmarried and living with their family, jobless, in a middle or high level of economic status, and diagnosed before 2014 showed a higher risk of delayed treatment than patients who were younger, male, married and living with family, in a low level of economic status, and diagnosed in 2014 or afterwards. CONCLUSION The findings suggest the necessity of intervention to promote HIV patients' early entry into treatment based on the participants' characteristics.
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PURPOSE The purpose of the present study is to examine risk factors for unawareness of obstructive airflow limitation among adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. METHODS Secondary data analysis was performed with the data from the 6th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES; 2013–2014). The data were analyzed with the IBM SPSS 22.0 version using frequency, percentage, odds ratio, and logistic regression. RESULTS Ninety-eight percent of subject with a pulmonary function test score of FEV1/FVC < 0.7 (N=833) did not recognize that their lung function was impaired. The heavy drink, absence of tuberculosis or asthma diagnosis, and no symptom of expelling phlegm were identified as major risk factors for unawareness of airflow limitation. CONCLUSION In order to increase awareness of airflow limitation and to prevent the worsening of the condition, the pulmonary function screening test should be provided to community residents including those who do not show symptoms of respiratory illness.
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PURPOSE This study aims to investigate the effects of intervention using the therapeutic robot, PARO, on the cognition, emotion, problem behavior, and social interaction of elderly people with dementia. METHODS A nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used. A total of 33 elderly people with dementia living in a nursing home facility participated in the study, with 17 in the experimental group and 16 in the control group. The intervention program with PARO was administered twice a week for 6 weeks, for a total of 12 sessions. Data were collected before and after intervention, using a questionnaire, direct observation, and video recording. RESULTS There were statistically significant differences in positive emotions and problem behaviors between the groups. The experimental group demonstrated a significant improvement in social interaction. CONCLUSION PARO intervention can be utilized as an effective nursing intervention to increase positive emotions and social interaction, as well as decrease problem behaviors, in elderly people with dementia living in nursing home facilities.
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