Research in Community and Public Health Nursing

Volume 34 (3); September 2023

Original Articles

Factors Affecting the Performance of Infection Control of Multi-drug Resistant Organisms in Intensive Care Unit Nurses of General Hospitals based on the Theory of Planned Behavior: The Mediating Effect of Intention: Nam-Sook Kim, So-Eun Choi; Res Community Public Health Nurs. 2023;34(3):183-195. Published online September 27, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/rcphn.2023.00150

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Abstract PDF: Purpose
The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors that affect the performance of infection control of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) by nurses in intensive care units (ICU) in general hospitals.
Methods
Participants were 105 ICU nurses from 6 general hospitals. The questions for the survey performed were based on the theory of planned behavior, such as attitude towards infection control of MDROs, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, intention, and performance.
Results
In the relationship between subjective norms towards infection control of MDROs and performance, intention showed a significant complete mediating effect; and in the relationship between perceived behavioral control and performance, intention showed a partial mediating effect. The attitude towards infection control of MDROs was excluded from the mediating effect verification because there was no significant correlation between intention and performance.
Conclusion
The results of this study suggest that department atmosphere and perceived behavior control promotion programs should be developed to enhance subjective norms in order to promote the performance of infection control of MDROs.

Gender Differences in Older Adults’ Muscle Strength and Depressive Symptoms: A Relationship Mediated Through Perceived Stress: Gyeong A Kang, Jihye Shin, Ju Young Yoon; Res Community Public Health Nurs. 2023;34(3):196-204. Published online September 27, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/rcphn.2023.00164

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Abstract PDF: Purpose
Preventing the effects of physical vulnerability is a practical approach to improving older adults’ depressive symptoms. This study aims to examine the relationship between gender differences related to muscle strength and depressive symptoms mediated by perceived stress.
Methods
In this cross-sectional study, data from 2,705 older adults (65 years old or older) from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey VII 2016 and 2018 were analyzed. The moderated mediation model was developed; the outcome, independent, mediation, and moderated mediation variables in the literature-based research model were depressive symptoms, muscle strength, perceived stress, and gender, respectively.
Results
Perceived stress had a mediating effect on the relationship between muscle strength and depressive symptoms. The indirect effect of muscle strength on depressive symptoms mediated by perceived stress was β = -.02 (95% CI:-0.03~-0.01). The moderated mediation model demonstrated that the interaction term of handgrip strength and gender negatively affected perceived stress, which indicated that gender moderated the mediating model of perceived stress on the association of muscle strength and depressive symptoms (β = -.01, p <.05). The conditional indirect effect model was insignificant in the male group (β = -.00, 95% CI:-0.01~0.01) but significant in the female group (β = -.01, 95% CI: -0.02~0.00). Conclusions: Perceived stress mediated the relationship between muscle strength and depressive symptoms. However, the effect differed by gender. A stress-mediated depressive symptoms intervention program for older adults should be developed to consider women’s needs.

Effects of Fatigue and Emotional Labor on Sleep Quality among Apartment Security Guards: Chul-Gyu Kim, Sujeong Jeong, Young Mi Ryu, Seungmi Park, Kyoungmi Moon, Yunjung Kwon, Sun-A Park, Hye Ok Park; Res Community Public Health Nurs. 2023;34(3):205-216. Published online September 27, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/rcphn.2023.00220

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Abstract PDF: Purpose
This study aimed to identify the effects of fatigue and emotional labor on the quality of sleep among apartment security guards.
Methods
A total of 196 apartment security guards working in 10 different regions participated in the study between July and October 2022, completing questionnaire assessing fatigue (physical imbalance, exhaustion, mental fatigue, and nervous system disfunction), emotional labor, and sleep quality. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, ANOVA including Scheffe’s post hoc, and regression analysis.
Results
183(93.4%) participants were poor sleeper. Regression analysis of the factors influencing sleep quality yielded a significant model (F= 21.56, p<.001) with an explanatory power of 25.0% in the order of fatigue(exhaustion) (β=.28, p<.001), emotional labor (β=.27, p<.001), and subjective economic status (β=.15, p=.017).
Conclusion
It is essential to develop nursing educational programs that reduce exhaustion and emotional labor for improving the quality of sleep.

The Effect of Dual Sensory Impairment on Cognitive Function Decline in the Elderly: The Moderating Effect of Social Support: Soo Jee Yang, Ju Young Yoon; Res Community Public Health Nurs. 2023;34(3):217-227. Published online September 27, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/rcphn.2023.00255

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Abstract PDF: Purpose
This study verified that the dual sensory impairment (DSI) in the elderly is associated with cognitive impairment (CI) and confirmed how change in cognitive function varies depending on the social support (SS).
Methods
For a study sample of Korean older people, data from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing (KLoSA) from the 7th (2018) to the 8th (2020), were included in this cross-sectional descriptive study. Among people who responded in both 2018 and 2020, a total of 2,069 people of those who are 65 years of age or older, and have living children and normal cognitive function, were analyzed. X2 -test, t-test and logistic regression analyses were utilized.
Results
First, the number of elderly with visual impairment (VI), hearing impairment, and DSI increased on 8th data compared with 7th data. In addition, 22.9% of the 2,069 people showed a decrease in cognitive function. Second, compared to the elderly with normal sensory function, the cognitive function of the elderly with only VI was found to be more degraded, and the cognitive function of the elderly with DSI was found to be much more degraded. In addition, among SS, only participation in social gatherings was found to show significant change in cognitive function of the elderly with DSI. Third, the interaction effect of participating in social gatherings was not significant in the CI of the elderly with DSI.
Conclusion
VI and DSI effected cognitive function, but participation in social gatherings such as SS has not significant interaction effect on CI of the elderly with DSI.

A Structural Equation Model on Health Status in Delivery Workers: Based on the Theory of Salutogenesis: Min Ji Kim, Eun Suk Choi; Res Community Public Health Nurs. 2023;34(3):228-239. Published online September 27, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/rcphn.2023.00171

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Abstract PDF: Purpose
This study aimed to develop and test a structural equation model on health status of delivery workers. The conceptual model was based on the theory of salutogenesis.
Methods
Data were collected from 262 delivery workers working in D and K cities from August 2 to August 27, 2021. The structural equation model was used to assess the relationships among the variables. The model comprised three exogenous variables (working environment, social support, health promotion activities) and two endogenous variables (sense of coherence, health status). The data were analyzed using SPSS 23.0 and AMOS 22.0.
Results
The hypothetical model showed a good fit to the data: χ²/df=2.38, TLI=.91, CFI=.93, SRMR=.08, RMSEA=.07. Out of 10 research hypotheses, 10 were supported, and explained 62.3% of the variance in the health status of delivery workers. The model confirmed that sense of coherence was the most important factor. Health status is directly affected by working environment, social support, and health promotion activities. Health status is indirectly affected by working environment, social support, and health promotion activities through mediation of sense of coherence.
Conclusion
The theory of salutogenesis is adequate to use for developing health promotion programs for delivery workers. There is a need to develop a customized program to increase health status of delivery workers by enhancing sense of coherence.

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