Research in Community and Public Health Nursing

Original Articles

Bidirectional Relationship Between Depression and Frailty in Older Adults aged 70-84 years using Random Intercepts Cross-Lagged Panel Analysis: Ji Hye Shin, Gyeong A Kang, Sun Young Kim, Won Chang Won, Ju Young Yoon; Res Community Public Health Nurs. 2024;35(1):1-9. Published online February 29, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/rcphn.2023.00381

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Abstract PDF: Purpose
Depression and frailty are common health problems that occur separately or simultaneously in later life. The two syndromes are correlated, but they need to be distinguished to promote successful aging. Previous studies have examined the reciprocal relationship between depression and frailty, but there are limitations in the methods or statistical analysis. This study aims to confirm the potential prospective bidirectional and causal relationship between depression and frailty.
Methods
We used data from 887 older adults aged 70 to 84 from the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study (KFACS) in 2016, 2018, and 2020 (3 waves). We separated the within-individual process from the stable between-individual differences using the random intercepts cross-lagged panel model.
Results
Significant bidirectional causal effects were observed in 2 paths. Older adults with higher depression than their within-person average at T1 had a higher risk of frailty at T2 (β=.22, p=.008). Subsequently, older adults with higher-than-average frailty scores at T2 showed higher depression at T3 (β=.14, p=.010). Autoregressive effects were only significant from T2 to T3 for both constructs (Depression: β=.16, p=.044; Frailty: β=.13, p=.028). At the between-person level, the correlation was significant between the random intercepts between depression and frailty (β=.47, p<.001).
Conclusions
We find that depressed older adults have an increased risk of frailty, which contributes to the onset of depression and the maintenance of frailty. Therefore, interventions for each condition may prevent the entry and worsening of the other condition, as well as prevent comorbidity.

The Relationship between 5-year Overall Survival Rate, Socioeconomic Status and SEER Stage for Four Target Cancers of the National Cancer Screening Program in Korea: Results from the Gwangju-Jeonnam Cancer Registry: Jeong Hee Kang, Chul-Woung Kim, Sun Seog Kweon; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2022;33(2):237-246. Published online June 30, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2022.33.2.237

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Purpose
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the 5-year survival rate, socioeconomic status, and SEER (Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results) stage of stomach, colorectal, breast and cervical cancer patients. Methods A total of 11,770 cases of four target cancers, which were diagnosed during 2005-2007, were extracted from the database of Gwangju-Jeonnam Regional Cancer Registry. The subjects of the study were 11,770 including stomach (n=5,479), colorectal (n=3,565), breast (n=1,516) and cervical cancers (n=710). Cox’s proportional hazards model was used to obtain the hazards ratio (HR) according to the SEER stage and socioeconomic status. Results Stomach cancer had a significantly higher HR in the medical aid recipients (HR=1.39), and the group below 20% (HR=1.20) compared to the group with the highest income level. Colorectal cancer had a significantly higher HR in the medical aid recipients (HR=1.26) than in the group with the highest income level. In addition, stomach, colorectal, breast and cervical cancers had a significantly higher HR according to the SEER stage in regional direct (stomach=4.10, colorectal=1.76, breast=12.90, cervical=3.10), regional lymph only(stomach=2.58, colorectal=2.33, breast=4.32, cervical= 4.43), regional both (stomach=6.74 colorectal=3.04, breast=15.57 cervical=6.50), and regional NOS (Not Otherwise Specified)/distant (stomach=17.53, colorectal=11.53, breast=25.34, cervical=26.51) than in situ and localized only. Conclusion In order to increase the cancer survival rate, a support system for early detection and early treatment of cancer should be established for groups with low individual income levels, and regular health checkups and management measures should be actively implemented through the National Cancer Screening Program.

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Socioeconomic Disparities in Six Common Cancer Survival Rates in South Korea: Population-Wide Retrospective Cohort Study
JinWook Lee, JuWon Park, Nayeon Kim, Fatima Nari, Seowoo Bae, Hyeon Ji Lee, Mingyu Lee, Jae Kwan Jun, Kui Son Choi, Mina Suh
JMIR Public Health and Surveillance.2024; 10: e55011. CrossRef

Mediating Effects of Emotional Venting via Instant Messaging (IM) and Positive Emotion in the Relationship between Negative Emotion and Depression: Han Na Lee, Soon Tae An; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2019;30(4):571-580. Published online December 31, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2019.30.4.571

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PURPOSE
The purpose of this study is to examine the mediating effects of emotional venting via instant messaging (IM) and positive emotion in the relationship between negative emotion and depression.
METHODS
Online survey was conducted in Korea between 2 April and 7 April 2019. To obtain samples with representativeness, data were gathered by the professional research firm. A total of 250 Koreans were participated in this study. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and SPSS PROCESS macro to test the mediating effects.
RESULTS
This study analyzed the direct/indirect effects of negative emotion on emotional venting via IM, in the relationship between positive emotion and depression. Negative emotion had indirect effects on depression through emotional venting via IM and positive emotion. Both emotional venting via IM and positive emotion had dual mediating effects in the influence of negative emotion on depression.
CONCLUSION
These results suggest that it is important to manage negative emotion to prevent depression. Also, this study confirmed that emotional venting via IM is a powerful factor influencing emotional recovery.

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Artificial-Intelligence-Based Mood Regulation: Digital Encouragement in the Social Media Era
Hannah Lee, Soontae An, Yujin Lee
Journal of Digital Contents Society.2024; 25(6): 1557. CrossRef
An Exploratory Study on How and Why Young and Middle-aged Adults Disclose Depressive Feelings to Others: Focusing on the Influence of Perception of Social Norms
Soontae An, Hannah Lee
Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2021; 32(1): 12. CrossRef
A Longitudinal Change Patterns of Depression and Its Relationship with Socioeconomic Deprivation among Middle-Aged Adults in South Korea
Soo-Bi Lee, Min-Ji Yu, Myeong-Sook Yoon
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2021; 18(24): 12957. CrossRef
Perceived Benefits of and Barriers to Disclosure of Depressive Feelings: An Exploratory Study Using Semantic Network Analysis
Hannah Lee, Soontae An
Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2020; 32(6): 571. CrossRef

Effectiveness of a Workplace Walking Program Using a Fitness Tracker Including Individual Counseling and Tailored Text Messaging: Mi Ra Jung, Yeong Mi Ha; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2019;30(3):257-270. Published online September 30, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2019.30.3.257

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PURPOSE
This study is designed as a non-equivalent, control group pre/post-test for identifying effectiveness of a workplace walking program using a fitness tracker including individual counseling and tailored text messaging.
METHODS
Seventy-nine employees from two large companies were allocated into an intervention group (n=39) and a control group (n=40). Participants were asked to wear a fitness tracker (Fitbit Charger HR) during 24-hour, 5-days per week, for 10 weeks. The intervention group was provided with daily walking steps measured by Fitbit, weekly counseling with a specifically designed workbook, and seven weekly text messaging, and the control group with the fitness tracker only.
RESULTS
At the week 10 measurement, there were significant differences between the intervention and control groups in physical activity self-efficacy (p<.001), physical activity behavior (p<.001), daily walking steps (p<.001), systolic blood pressure (p=.033), and wellness (p<.001).
CONCLUSION
These results suggest that the workplace walking program using a fitness tracker including individual counseling and tailored text messaging is more effective for persons with 10,000 steps/day. Therefore, it is recommended to actively apply this workplace walking program to inactive employees for encouraging regular physical activities and improving their wellness.

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mHealth Interventions to Promote Physical Activity of Adults in Korea: Health Equity-Focused Systematic Review
Hana Kim, Jisan Lee
Journal of Health Informatics and Statistics.2023; 48(Suppl 1): S1. CrossRef
The Effectiveness of a mHealth Program Using Wearable Devices and Health Coaching among Bus Drivers for Promoting Physical Activity
Yeongmi Ha, Sang-Ho Lee, Suyeon Lee, Yeojoo Chae
Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2022; 33(3): 332. CrossRef
Effectiveness of a Mobile Wellness Program for Nurses with Rotating Shifts during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Pilot Cluster-Randomized Trial
Yeongmi Ha, Sang-Ho Lee, Dong-Ha Lee, Young-Hun Kang, Woonjoo Choi, Jinung An
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(2): 1014. CrossRef

Older Adults' Perceptions of Age-friendliness with an Emphasis on Community Supports and Health Services in a City in South Korea: Chi Young Lee, Belong Cho, Young Tae Cho, Yeon Hwan Park; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2019;30(2):234-242. Published online June 30, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2019.30.2.234

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PURPOSE
This study tries to comprehend older adults' perspectives of community supports and health services in a South Korean city and identify important sociodemographic and health characteristics that affect their perspectives.
METHODS
166 older adults were involved in this cross-sectional study. Questions on background characteristics and community supports and health services criteria (categorized as service accessibility, offer of services, voluntary support, or emergency care planning) based upon the WHO's Age-Friendly Cities Guide were used. The data were analyzed using paired and independent t-tests, one-way ANOVA, and hierarchical multiple regression analyses.
RESULTS
Emergency care planning was rated as the most important by the participants (mean age=76.24 years, 22.9% male), while its current level of performance was lowly appraised (p<.001). The rated importance for each category differed based on individual characteristics. Depression (p=.016), older age (p=.012), and restricted network type (p=.039) were significantly related to ascribing a higher degree of importance to community services.
CONCLUSION
Community initiatives are warranted to optimize emergency care for older adults. This planning must be based on the unique characteristics of older adults in coordination with supportive resources. In addition, comprehensive assessments are warranted before implementing action plans to ensure that the multi-dimensional problems of older adults are incorporated.

Citations

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Research on the Evaluation of an Age-Friendly Layout of Medical Service Facilities in Wuhan City Based on Accessibility
Fan Li, Jie Zhou, Wei Wei, Dongming Zhou
Buildings.2024; 14(9): 2970. CrossRef
Systematic Literature Review (SLR) on Community Support Among the Older Adults
Abdul Aziz Marzuki, Nik Norliati Fitri Md Nor, Siti Masayu Rosliah Abdul Rashid
Ageing International.2023; 48(4): 1086. CrossRef
Assessing Age-Friendliness: Individualistic vs. Collectivistic Cultures
Nancy Brossoie, Eunju Hwang, Kimin Song, Jin Wook Jeong, Kim Young-Woo
Journal of Aging & Social Policy.2022; 34(2): 311. CrossRef

Impact of Short Message Service (SMS) and Social Media on Sexual Intercourse of High School Students in Cambodia: Ji Hyon Pahn, Young Ran Yang; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2019;30(2):150-160. Published online June 30, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2019.30.2.150

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Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between short message service and social media use, and sexual intercourse of high school students in Cambodia.
METHODS
Four hundred and eighty-three high school students from three schools in rural provinces were interviewed with structured questionnaires.
RESULTS
Sexual intercourse was found significantly more frequent among male students than among female students (p=.001), among alcohol drinkers than among non-drinkers (p<.001), among those who were not taking pictures with mobile phones than among those who were (p=.045), and among those who were exchanging SMS between boyfriend and girlfriend than among those who were not (p=.006). The students who were sending SMS by mobile phones were 5.83 times as likely to have sexual intercourse as their counterparts (p=.020), who were taking pictures with mobile phone were 0.04 times as likely as those who were not (p=.045) and the odds ratio was 15.19 times as high in alcohol drinkers as in non-drinkers (p=.001).
CONCLUSIONS
Efforts should be made to encourage positive and effective use of social media among adolescents to maintain their sexual health.

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Exploring the Prevalence and Influencing Factors of Sexually Explicit Internet Material (SEIM) Consumption among Adolescents and Young Adults in Cambodia
Hyunjeong Cheon, Youngran Yang
Research in Community and Public Health Nursing.2024; 35: 284. CrossRef
Sexual decision-making: an exploratory interview study of Cambodian adolescents
Gloria Park, Youngran Yang
Frontiers in Reproductive Health.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Estimating the Prevalence and Identifying the Correlates of Sexting Behaviors Among Cambodian Male Adolescents
Seonhwa Kim, Youngran Yang
American Journal of Men's Health.2023;[Epub] CrossRef

Successful Aging and the Influencing Factors in the Korean Elderly: Focused on Family Support: Song Yi Han, Soon Nyung Yun; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2015;26(4):372-379. Published online December 31, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2015.26.4.372

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Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
This research was conducted to examine the successful aging and identify factors influencing successful aging in the Korean elderly.
METHODS
The subjects were 4,507 elders and data were collected from the 4th Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing in 2012. The data were analyzed using frequencies, weighted percentage, chi2 test, and logistic regression.
RESULTS
The results of this study showed that 19.6% of the participants were categorized to successful aging. The domains of the absence of disease and disability and maintaining physical and mental functioning showed a high rate of achievement, while the domain of active engagement with life showed a low rate of achievement compared to others. Successful aging was influenced by gender, age, subjective economic status, subjective health status, and family support, particularly spouse's support.
CONCLUSION
Intervention programs to increase the prevalence of successful aging are required. Especially programs for strengthening spouse's support and enhancing subjective health status are required.

Citations

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Comparative analysis of successful aging in young-old and old-old adults based on Rowe and Kahn’s model: A secondary data analysis
Ji Eun Lee
Journal of Korean Gerontological Nursing.2024; 26(2): 203. CrossRef
Factors Influencing Cardiovascular Disease Preventive Behaviors among Rural Residents Based on a Socio-Ecological Model in South Korea: A Mixed Method Research
Bohyun Park, Juhyeon Yang, Youngsoo Kim, Gianpiero Greco
Health & Social Care in the Community.2023; 2023: 1. CrossRef
Influence of Successful Aging, Quality of Life, and Factors Related to Potential Stressors on Older Consumers’ Purchase of Private Health Insurance in South Korea: An Empirical Study Based on Proactive Coping Theory
Jimin Lee, Hyeyoon Bae, Euehun Lee
Journal of Applied Gerontology.2022; 41(1): 253. CrossRef
Factors Associated with Successful Aging among Community-Dwelling Older Adults Based on Ecological System Model
Hye-Young Jang
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2020; 17(9): 3220. CrossRef
Social networks, health-promoting behaviors, and health-related quality of life in older adults with and without arthritis
Minjoo Hong, Hyewon Shin, Jennie C. De Gagne, Kenzie Latham-Mintus
PLOS ONE.2019; 14(7): e0220180. CrossRef
Relations of Sleep Quality, Lifestyle, and Successful Aging in the Elderly Attending a Senior Welfare Center
Soomi Kim, Pilbong Kim, Seung Hee Lee, Eunyeong Lee, Jongeun Lee, Kyung Mi Kim
The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing.2018; 21(1): 43. CrossRef
The Effect of Basic Psychological Needs and Wisdom on Successful Aging in the Elderly
Min-Jeong Nam, Young-Mun Cho
Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2018; 30(1): 70. CrossRef
Prevalence and related factors of successful aging among Chinese rural elders living in nursing homes
Menglian Wu, Yang Yang, Dan Zhang, Yaoyao Sun, Hui Xie, Jie Zhang, Jihui Jia, Yonggang Su
European Journal of Ageing.2017; 14(4): 419. CrossRef

The Effects of a Self-Management Program on Successful Aging: Jee Won Park, Hye Ra Yoo, Bo Eun Kwon; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2007;18(4):513-522. Published online December 31, 2007

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Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to gain knowledge of successful aging for the Korean elderly and to identify the effects of an intervention program on the change of the knowledge.
METHOD
Data were collected from 134 elders from 3 schools for the elderly in H City. The Successful Aging Scale was used to collect data and modified CDSMP was applied as the intervention. Descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA and ANCOVA were used.
RESULTS
The total score of the knowledge of successful aging among the elderly cohort was 2.44 out of 3, and the scores of the factors making up old age were 2.66 for the success of children, 2.63 for self-control, 2.56 for self-efficacy, and 2.05 for happy marriage. Life satisfaction from the success of children and self-control were strongly correlated(r=0.7036, p=0.000).
CONCLUSION
The self-management program brought positive changes to the knowledge of successful aging through the self-control parameter, and although it could not change the degree of knowledge of the overall successful aging among the elderly cohort, the program represents the first Korean nursing intervention focused on self-management techniques needed for successful aging.

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