Research in Community and Public Health Nursing

Original Articles

Development of the Cultural Competence Scale for Registered Nurses (CCS-RN): Kyung Won Kim, Sun Hee Kim, Young Hee Kim, Hyun Kyoung Kim, Hae Sook Park, Sun Hee Lee, Geum Hee Jeong; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2019;30(3):281-294. Published online September 30, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2019.30.3.281

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PURPOSE
This study is to develop the Cultural Competence Scale for Registered Nurses (CCS-RN) and to examine its validity and reliability.
METHODS
The item pool was generated based on related scales, a wide review of the literature, and in-depth interviews with nurses according to Purnell's cultural competence model. Content validity was verified by nursing experts. Construct validity using exploratory factor analysis, convergent validity using correlation coefficients, discriminant validity, internal consistency reliability, and test-retest reliability were examined.
RESULTS
The CCS-RN consists of a 35-item/7-factor solution with 54.1% of the total variance explained. The convergent validity of CCS-RN was supported. Cronbach's Î± was .94 for the total scale and ranged from .77 to .90 for the seven factors. Test-retest reliability was moderate.
CONCLUSION
The evaluation of the psychometric properties of the CCS-RN shows that this scale is expected to be a valid and reliable measure of cultural competence among nurses. This scale may be useful for assessing nurses' own cultural competence and thus contribute to strengthening cultural competence.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Effect of a transcultural nursing course on improving the cultural competency of nursing graduate students in Korea: a before-and-after study
Kyung Eui Bae, Geum Hee Jeong
Journal of Educational Evaluation for Health Professions.2023; 20: 35. CrossRef

A Literature Review of the Studies on Cultural Competency of Nurses and Nursing Students in Korea: Min A Kim, So Eun Choi; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2018;29(4):450-466. Published online December 31, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2018.29.4.450

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Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study is to identify trends in research on cultural competency of nursing students and nurses in Korea and to provide suggestions for future studies.
METHODS
A literature search was conducted with 432 papers published between 1985 and 2016 from five electronic databases and other sources using such key words as â€˜cultural competencyâ€™, â€˜cultural nursingâ€™, â€˜multi-cultural competencyâ€™, â€˜nursing studentsâ€™, â€˜nursesâ€™, etc.
RESULTS
The research design of 86 nursing researches on the cultural competence of nurses and nursing students analyzed in this study was 90.7% in quantitative research, 9.3% in qualitative research, and 2.3% in mixed research. Cultural competence was the most measured concept. A total of 41 papers (47.7%) out of 86 papers were used to measure cultural competence. Ten different tools were used various instruments of cultural competency were used in 41 papers. In 11 experimental studies, new methods such as role playing, case study, four stage 3D puzzle model, newspaper reading, and writing reflection note were used other than traditional method of lecture.
CONCLUSION
The overall findings of this study suggest that future research should include more well-designed experimental studies, qualitative studies and repeated studies to confirm the effects of findings from previous studies. Development of effective and highly diverse teaching methods is recommended to increase cultural competency. Supporting systems and funding are required to help activate research of nurses.

Citations

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A Study on Global Nursing Practice Education Experience
Eun Sil Cho, Myoung Hee Seo, Soo Ok You, Ok Hee Ahn, Myeoung Hi Song
Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2021; 32(4): 485. CrossRef

The Effectiveness of a Cultural Competence Training Program for Public Health Nurses using Intervention Mapping: Yune Kyong Kim, Hyeon Kyeong Lee; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2016;27(4):410-422. Published online December 31, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2016.27.4.410

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6 Citations

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
This study evaluated the effects of a cultural competence training program for public health nurses (PHNs) using intervention mapping.
METHODS
An embedded mixed method design was used. Forty-one PHNs (experimental: 21, control: 20) and forty marriage migrant women (MMW) (20, in each group) who were provided nursing care by PHN participated in the study. The experimental group was provided with a four-week cultural competence program consisting of an eight hour offline and online course, e-mail newsletters and social networking services (BAND). Transcultural Self-efficacy (TSE) of the PHNs, client-nurse trust, and satisfaction with nursing care of MMW were measured. Ten PHNs in the experimental group were interviewed after the experimental study.
RESULTS
The experimental group showed a significantly greater improvement in TSE, client-nurse trust, and satisfaction with nursing care than did the control group. Six themes emerged from qualitative data: (a) Recognizing cultural differences, (b) Being interested in the multicultural policy, (c) Trying to communicate in MMW's own language, (d) Providing medical information using internet and smart phone, (e) Embracing culturally diverse people into society, and (f) Requiring ongoing cultural competence training.
CONCLUSION
Cultural competence training enabled PHNs to provide culturally competent care and contribute to MMW's health outcomes.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Beliefs and Intentions of Anesthesia Physicians Toward Providing Culturally Competent Care to Transgender Patients
Erin Blanchard, Retta Evans, Hussein Abdullatif, Michelle Brown, Tekuila Carter, Jenna LaChenaye
Transgender Health.2023; 8(6): 542. CrossRef
Does cultural competence training for health professionals impact culturally and linguistically diverse patient outcomes? A systematic review of the literature
Elizabeth Vella, Victoria M. White, Patricia Livingston
Nurse Education Today.2022; 118: 105500. CrossRef
Translation to practice of cultural safety education in nursing and midwifery: A realist review
Cath Wilson, Kimberley Crawford, Karen Adams
Nurse Education Today.2022; 110: 105265. CrossRef
E‐learning cultural competence for public health workers: A feasibility and pilot study
Duckhee Chae, Yunekyong Kim, Jeeheon Ryu, Keiko Asami, Jaseon Kim, Kukhyeon Kim
Public Health Nursing.2021; 38(5): 897. CrossRef
Effectiveness of cultural competence educational interventions on health professionals and patient outcomes: A systematic review
Duckhee Chae, Jinhee Kim, Suhee Kim, Jina Lee, Seojin Park
Japan Journal of Nursing Science.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Agreement on Core Components of an E-Learning Cultural Competence Program for Public Health Workers in South Korea: A Delphi Study
Duckhee Chae, Hyunlye Kim, Jae Yong Yoo, Jina Lee
Asian Nursing Research.2019; 13(3): 184. CrossRef

The Relationship between Cultural Competency and the Importance of Nurses' Qualities Perceived by Undergraduate Nursing Students: Kyung Sook Choi, Woo Sook Lee, Yeon Suk Park, Myunghee Jun, So Young Lee, Yeon Woo Park, Soo Young Park, Thongpriwan Vipavee; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2016;27(2):163-172. Published online June 30, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2016.27.2.163

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3 Citations

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between cultural competency and the importance of nurses' qualities perceived by undergraduate nursing students.
METHODS
Researchers developed two tools for this study after reviewing the related literature and conducting research team workshops: questionnaire of cultural competency and the importance of nurses' qualities. 200 nursing students were recruited in convenient sampling to respond to these questionnaires. Of nurses' 10 qualities, major affecting factors on the cultural competency were identified by stepwise multiple regression analysis.
RESULTS
The nursing students perceived technical nursing skills and professional nursing knowledge as nurses' most important qualities. However, 'having a passion for patient care', 'demonstrating strong nursing profession's code of ethics??and 'teaching and research ability' were found as significant influencing factors on the variance of the cultural competency. These three factors explained 16% of the total variances of the cultural competency (F=13.98, p<.001).
CONCLUSION
The educational strategies to improve cultural nursing competency need to incorporate students' expectations for the professional nurses' roles. Also, further studies need to develop reliable and valid measurement tools for cultural competency

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Development and Validation of the Clinical Nurses Grit Scale (CN-GRIT)
Hyosun Park, Kyungmi Lee, Nayeon Shin
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2020; 26(1): 55. CrossRef
The effects of empathy and self concept on problem solving: Focusing on the mediating effect of communication of nursing students
Young Hui Hwang, Sun Jung Park
The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2020; 26(4): 348. CrossRef
Effects of Nursing Students' Empathy and Interpersonal Competence on Ideal Nurse Attributes
Jihyun Oh
Journal of Nursing Education.2019; 58(3): 130. CrossRef

The Factors Affecting Cultural Competency of Visiting Nurses and Community Health Practitioners: Soon Ok Yang, Myung Soon Kwon, Seung Hee Lee; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2012;23(3):286-295. Published online September 30, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.0000/jkachn.2012.23.3.286

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Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to investigate the level of cultural competency of visiting nurses and community health practitioners and explore factors that are related with their cultural competency.
METHODS
The subjects of this study were 113 visiting nurses and 103 community health practitioners working in Gangwon-do. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire on May 24, 2011. The SPSS/WIN 17.0 program was used for data analysis.
RESULTS
The average score for cultural competency of visiting nurses was 2.76+/-0.60 and that of community health practitioners 2.91+/-0.51. Most of subjects received no multicultural education (78.0% for nurses, 85.7% for community health nurses). Factors influencing cultural competency were number of service experience for multicultural clients and participation of multicultural education.
CONCLUSION
It is necessary to develop systematic educational programs to enhance the cultural competency of nurses.

A Study on the Cultural Competence of Community Health Practitioners: Eun Jee Lee, Yune Kyong Kim, Hyeon Kyeong Lee; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2012;23(2):179-188. Published online June 30, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2012.23.2.179

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3 Download
15 Citations

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
This study aimed to describe the cultural competence among community health practitioners (CHPs).
METHODS
A cross-sectional descriptive study design was used with a convenience sample of 257 CHPs. Data collection was conducted with a structured questionnaire, including Cultural Competence Assessment. Data were analyzed by t-test and ANOVA with the SPSS/WIN 17.0 program.
RESULTS
Most participants reported a moderate level of cultural competence (M=3.0, SD=0.41). Scores for culturally competent behaviors were high (M=3.4, SD=0.48) and cultural knowledge scores were low (M=2.6, SD=0.54). Those CHPs who were living with their family, were working in rural area, and had more opportunities to contact with multicultural patients and experience abroad showed significantly higher cultural competence.
CONCLUSION
The findings support the need for future education and training to enhance CHPs' cultural competence.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Organisational cultural competence needed to care for foreign patients: A focus on nursing management
Duckhee Chae, Yunhee Park
Journal of Nursing Management.2019; 27(1): 197. CrossRef
Agreement on Core Components of an E-Learning Cultural Competence Program for Public Health Workers in South Korea: A Delphi Study
Duckhee Chae, Hyunlye Kim, Jae Yong Yoo, Jina Lee
Asian Nursing Research.2019; 13(3): 184. CrossRef
Experience of migrant care and needs for cultural competence training among public health workers in Korea
Duckhee Chae, Jina Lee, Keiko Asami, Hyunlye Kim
Public Health Nursing.2018; 35(3): 211. CrossRef
Factors influencing nursing students’ empathy
Jihyun Kim
Korean Journal of Medical Education.2018; 30(3): 229. CrossRef
Factors Affecting Transcultural Self-efficacy among Nursing Students
Kyu Eun Lee, Nam Sun Kim
Journal of Health Informatics and Statistics.2017; 42(1): 1. CrossRef
Caring Experiences of the Nurses Caring for Foreign Inpatients of non-English Speaking
Hye-Young Jang, Eun Lee
Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2016; 17(12): 415. CrossRef
The Effectiveness of a Cultural Competence Training Program for Public Health Nurses using Intervention Mapping
Yune Kyong Kim, Hyeonkyeong Lee
Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2016; 27(4): 410. CrossRef
Development and Effect of a Global Health Capacity Building Program for Nursing Students
Seon Young Hwang, Jin Sun Kim, Hyunmi Ahn, Sun Joo Kang
Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2015; 26(3): 209. CrossRef
Development and Psychometric Evaluation of the Korean Version of the Cultural Competence Scale for Clinical Nurses
Duck-Hee Chae, Chung-Yul Lee
Asian Nursing Research.2014; 8(4): 305. CrossRef
Experiences of Nurses Who Provide Childbirth Care for Women with Multi-cultural Background
Sun Hee Kim, Kyung Won Kim, Kyung Eui Bae
Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing.2014; 28(1): 87. CrossRef
Factors Affecting the Social Distance between Minority Groups and Nursing Cadets
Kyeong Hwa Kang, Chung Hee Woo, Duckhee Chae
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2014; 20(5): 505. CrossRef
The Study on Relationship between Cultural Competency and Empathy of Nursing Students
Sun Yi Yang, Hyo Nam Lim, Ju Hee Lee
The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2013; 19(2): 183. CrossRef
Cultural Competence and Factors Influencing Cultural Competence in Nursing Students
Duck Hee Kim, Seong Eun Kim
Journal of Korean Academy of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing.2013; 22(3): 159. CrossRef
A Study on Social Distance of Nursing Students toward Minority Groups in a Metropolitan City
Hae Young Kang, Seok Young Han
Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing.2013; 27(1): 166. CrossRef
Review of Self-Administered Instruments to Measure Cultural Competence of Nurses - Focused on IAPCC & CCA
Duck Hee Chae, Kyeong Hwa Kang
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2013; 19(1): 48. CrossRef

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