Research in Community and Public Health Nursing

Original Articles

[English] Experiences of Small Independent Restaurant Owners During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Grounded Theory Study: JaeWan Park, Hee Sook Kim; Res Community Public Health Nurs. 2025;36(1):85-98. Published online March 31, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/rcphn.2024.00913

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Abstract PDF: Purpose
This study aimed to evaluate the lives of small independent restaurant owners during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods
The participants were 15 small independent restaurant owners operating independent small restaurants during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were collected individually through in-depth interviews from September 30, 2022, to January 20, 2023. The transcribed interview content analyzed using Corbin and Strauss’s grounded theory approach.
Results
Analysis of the psychological resistance experience of small independent restaurant owners with the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in 6 themes, 15 sub-themes, and 40 codes. The core category is revealed as the struggle for survival under the blind spot of uncertainty and helplessness. As a result of axial coding based on the paradigm model, the casual condition was operational difficulties in restaurants affected by the impact of COVID-19, and the contextual condition was bewilderment due to unprecedented circumstances. The central phenomenon was a life shattered by the COVID-19 pandemic. The intervening condition was enduring adversity with hope. The action/interaction strategies to control the phenomenon revealed ongoing struggles in the face of the hardships. In consequence, fostering resilience amid grappling with feelings of helplessness was revealed.
Conclusion
This study lays the groundwork for designing successful COVID-19 rehabilitation programs. This study shows that the improved climate of the small restaurant industry plays an important role in alleviating the burden of small independent restaurant owners.

[English] Effects of a Health Promotion Empowerment Program Using a Resident Volunteer as a Lay Health Leader on Frail Elders' Health and Empowerment: Jeong Sook Park, Yun Jung Oh; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2018;29(3):335-348. Published online September 30, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2018.29.3.335

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4 Citations

PURPOSE
This study has been conducted to develop and examine a health promotion empowerment program using a lay health leader for frail elderly.
METHODS
The research was organized in a nonequivalent control group pre-post test design. Data collection was performed from August 18 to October 8, 2015. The subjects included 76 frail elders aged over 65 registered in home visiting services (Experimental group=39, Control group=37). A health promotion empowerment program using a resident volunteer as a lay health leader was run for 8 weeks. Health factors (health promotion behavior, perceived health status and frailty) and empowerment factors (empowerment, social participation) were assessed. The data were analyzed by using the SPSS/WIN 18.0 program.
RESULTS
After the program, health promotion behavior, perceived health status and social participation increased in the experimental group more significantly than in the control group, but frailty decreased in the experimental group greater than in the control group.
CONCLUSION
The health promotion empowerment program using a resident volunteer as a lay health leader was effective. Therefore, the health promotion empowerment program needs to be expanded to other frail elders. Also, a health leader should be recommended as a public health resource and systematically managed.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Breaking the cycle of frailty: The impact of health promotion training on older family caregivers
Fatma Banu Demirdaş, Nilüfer Korkmaz Yaylagül
Geriatric Nursing.2026; 70: 104058. CrossRef
The effect of community health nurse-led multi-faceted group-based frailty prevention program for older adults: a multi-site pretest-posttest design
Gyeonga Kang, Hyungjoo Ji, Ju Young Yoon
BMC Nursing.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Effectiveness of a nurse-led, community-based frailty prevention program for prefrail older adults: a pragmatic quasi-experimental trial
Dong-Ok Lee, Jina Choo, Songwhi Noh, Yura Shin
BMC Nursing.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Development and evaluation of the information and communication technology-based Loneliness Alleviation Program for community-dwelling older adults: A pilot study and randomized controlled trial
Jung Ae-Ri, Lee Kowoon, Park Eun-A
Geriatric Nursing.2023; 53: 204. CrossRef

[English] The Effects of a Positive Psychology Improvement Program on Elders' Depression and Death Anxiety: Seung Joo Lim, Hung Sa Lee, Chun Mi Kim, Young Go; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2015;26(3):238-247. Published online September 30, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2015.26.3.238

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27 Download
5 Citations

Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of a positive psychology improvement program on elders' depression and death anxiety.
METHODS
This was conducted as a quasi-experimental study with non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design. The participants were community elders aged over 65 recruited by convenient sampling. A total of 94 elders (32 in the individual experimental group, 32 in the collective experimental group, and 30 in the control group) participated. Data were collected between April and September, 2012 and analyzed by using SPSS/WIN 21.
RESULTS
The individual and group approach experimental groups had significantly lower scores of depression than the control group after the treatment (F=7.50, p=.001). For death anxiety, however, only the individual experimental group had a significantly lower score compared to the control group (F=4.56, p=.013).
CONCLUSION
These results indicate that the positive psychology improvement program was effective in decreasing depression and death anxiety in the elderly. Therefore, the program needs to be applied in a customized way fittingly to the characteristics of the elderly in community, and individually and/or collectively according to its purposes.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Impact study on the Livelihood and Health Program at Workability Skills Training Foundation, Inc.
Sevillia S Felicen, Leonila M Adarlo
International Journal of Research Studies in Management.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Aging and Positive Psychology
Ray Marks
Journal of Aging Research and Healthcare.2021; 4(1): 43. CrossRef
Effects of Positive Psychology-Based Program for the Depressed Pregnant Women
Hyeon Hee Shin, Yeong Hee Shin
Journal of The Korean Society of Maternal and Child Health.2021; 25(2): 109. CrossRef
Influence of Positive Psychological Capital and Death Awareness on Terminal Care Performance of Hematooncology Unit Nurses
Seo Yeon Jung, Jeong Hye Kim
The Korean Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care.2019; 22(2): 77. CrossRef
The Death Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms among Poor Older Women in Rural Areas: The Moderating Effect of Social Support
Seung Joo Lim, Young Ko, Chunmi Kim, Hung Sa Lee
Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2017; 28(4): 440. CrossRef

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