Purpose In adults with chronic diseases, unmet healthcare needs are likely to increase the risk of worsening the illness and complications. This study was conducted to explore factors affecting unmet healthcare needs among adults with chronic diseases. Methods A cross sectional study was performed using the data from the seventh Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES Ⅶ), 2016-2017. The sample of this study consisted of 6,104 adults with chronic diseases. The data were analyzed by Rao-Scott x2 test and logistic regression using complex samples analysis. Results The proportion of subjects who experienced unmet healthcare needs was 10.9% of adults with chronic diseases. The factors affecting unmet healthcare needs of adults with chronic diseases were age, gender, employment status, household income, subjective health status, activity limitation, and perceived stress. Conclusion The findings of this study suggest that various factors may be associated with their unmet healthcare needs. Finally, the development of strategies to reduce unmet healthcare needs for people with chronic diseases should consider the associated factors presented in the study.
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Purpose This study aimed to identify factors (biological, psychological, interpersonal, and contextual factors) associated with the weight bias internalization of the Korean girls in early adolescence. Methods This study used a cross-sectional design. Data was collected from 233 girls aged 12~14 years with a self-reported questionnaire. With multiple regression analysis, the factors associated with the weight bias internalization of the girls in early adolescence were analyzed. Results Of psychosocial factors, fear to fat (anti-fat attitude) (β=.43, p<.001) was associated with the weight bias internalization of the girls in early adolescence. In addition, attachment with teachers (β=-.11, p=.029) of an interpersonal factor and perceived socio-cultural pressure regarding weight control (β=.34, p<.001) of a contextual factor were associated with the weight bias internalization of the girls in early adolescence. Conclusion For releasing the weight bias internalization of the girls in early adolescence, decreasing anti-fat attitude and socio-cultural pressure regarding weight control should be primarily required through social efforts including community and school based interventions.
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Purpose The purpose of this study was to develop a mobile health lifestyle program for university students and to verify its effectiveness. Methods The program was developed based on Jung’s teaching-learning system design model. The research used a non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest non-synchronized design. Data were collected from October 20 to December 5, 2018. To verify the effects of the program, the knowledge, self-efficacy, and intention to plan health lifestyle and health lifestyle behavior were measured. A two hour health lecture and a mobile health lifestyle program were delivered for 3 weeks to 23 students in the experimental group. 19 students in the control group received only a two hour health lecture. Results The experimental group showed significantly higher scores on knowledge (F=4.63, p=.038), intention to plan health lifestyle (F=14.44, p<.001), and health lifestyle behavior (F=46.80, p<.001). However, the score on self-efficacy was not significantly different (F=2.65, p=.112). Conclusion It was confirmed that the mobile health lifestyle program can be useful in increasing the level of knowledge, intention and behavior of health lifestyle among university students. Therefore, the mobile health lifestyle application can be used as a supporting resource to enhance the health promotion for university students.
Purpose The purpose of this qualitative study is to explore the changed parenting experiences of mothers of elementary school kids living in the aftermath of the COVID-19 outbreak in Korea. Methods: From July to August in 2020, 10 mothers parenting elementary school students under the COVID-19 were interviewed in depth. For data analysis, a phenomenological research methodology suggested by Colaizzi was used. Results According to the analysis, the experiences of mothers consisted of four categories: the ‘pain from the uncontrollable COVID-19’, ‘the problem of family relations due to the COVID-19 pandemic situation’, ‘standing firm against the drastic changes’, and ‘accepting the world changed by the COVID-19’. Conclusion The findings in this study vividly represent the parenting experiences of mothers of elementary school students after the outbreak of COVID-19. As the pandemic persists, mothers parenting elementary school students feel complex emotions and experience exhaustion, but in the process, they found family members growing positively and trying to adjust to each other to overcome the crisis. To support positive adaptation to catastrophic situations, an institutional and political foundation is needed to develop a systematic crisis management program customized for mothers and families of elementary school students. The results of this study can be used as basic data when establishing national policies and support systems so that mothers parenting elementary school students can better adapt to and overcome crisis situations.
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Purpose Influenza immunization among health personnel is of particular importance given their elevated risk of influenza infection, role in transmission and influence on patients' immunization status. The purpose of this study is to identify factors associated with the influenza vaccination intention among health personnel based on the theory of planned behavior. Methods: The research was a cross-sectional, descriptive design using questionnaires. The participants were 131 health personnel in five general hospitals in two cities in South Korea. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA and multiple regression with the SPSS 26.0 program. Results There were statistically significant differences in influenza vaccination intention according to the high-risk group in the family, occupation, length of employment, and influenza vaccination status within a year. The influenza vaccination intention of these health personnel showed significant positive correlations with attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control towards influenza vaccination. Multiple regression analysis for influenza vaccination intention revealed that the significant predictors were attitude, subjective norms, influenza vaccination within a year and physician in occupation. These factors explained 41.4% of the variance. Conclusion The results suggest a need to strengthen attitude and subjective norms. The findings also suggest that their characteristics through influenza vaccination status within a year and occupation should be considered for tailored interventions related to the intention. Furthermore, it is necessary to develop programs strengthening attitude and subjective norms to enhance influenza vaccination intention among health personnel.
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Purpose This study was conducted to find out the association between dual-use of the electronic cigarette (EC) and conventional cigarette (CC) and depression among undergraduate students. Methods: The participants of this study were 225 undergraduate students who were attending two universities located in Ulsan metropolitan city. Descriptive statistics and multiple regression were conducted to analyze the data. Results Nicotine dependence and depression were significantly higher in the dual-use group than in the single-use group. Dual-use of the EC and CC was significantly associated with depression among undergraduate students. In addition, quality of sleep was significantly associated with depression among undergraduate students. Conclusion In order to prevent depression among undergraduate students, it is necessary to improve the awareness of the danger of dual use of the EC and CC.
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Purpose This study was to determine how attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control (PBC) were related to parents' intentions to vaccinate their sons in elementary school against human papillomavirus (HPV), applying the updated theory of planned behavior. Two hypotheses were examined: PBC would moderate the relationship of attitude to intention and subjective norm to intention, respectively. Methods This was a cross-sectional study with 231 participants recruited in November, 2018. Inclusion criteria for the participants were parents with 5th-6th grade boys in elementary schools. The moderation effects of the hypotheses were analyzed using the PROCESS macro for SPSS. Results PBC significantly moderated the relationship of attitude to intention on HPV vaccination. The simple effect of attitude to intention was significant under three different levels of the PBC (low, moderate, and high), but the magnitudes of the relationships were not homogeneous. The magnitude of the relationship between attitude and intention was the lowest for the parents with the low level of the PBC. In the relationship of subjective norm to intention on HPV vaccination, the moderating effect of the PBC was not supported.
Subjective norm and PBC directly predicted the intention on HPV vaccination. Conclusion In order to promote the parents' intentions to vaccinate their sons in elementary school against HPV, we need a program that can improve parents’ attitude, subjective norm, and PBC, requiring special attention to the parents with the low PBC.
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Purpose This concept analysis was conducted to clarify ‘parents’ treatment adherence for an epileptic child or adolescent’. Methods The analysis used a hybrid model comprising three phases: theoretical phase, fieldwork phase, and integration phase. In the theoretical phase, fifty studies were reviewed. Interviews with four parents of epileptic children or adolescents were conducted during the fieldwork phase. In the integration phase, the results derived from prior phases were synthesized and clarified. All phases were performed cyclically. Results The concept, ‘parents’ treatment adherence for an epileptic child or adolescent’ was defined as parents’ voluntary and goal-directed behavior towards the epilepsy treatment for their children: a collaborative decision-making process with health-care providers, establishing a support system, adaptability to the treatment plans, and appraisals of the child’s health condition. Conclusion This achievement is thought to contribute to improving the accuracy and validity of the concept measurement. It has implications for additional research on how the concept ‘treatment adherence’ differs in diverse health problems and other population groups than parents of children and adolescents with epilepsy.
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Purpose This study is a pseudo-experimental study of design before and after the non-equivalent control group, which was attempted to verify that the application of the ukulele to the elderly has the effects of reducing depression, improving self-efficacy, strengthening social bonding, and improving cognitive function. Methods 46 (23 in the experimental group and 23 in the control group) participants were selected. The experimental group was provided with three sessions of a music program using eight Ukuleles for the elderly, while the control group was provided with three sessions for the elderly. IBM SPSS 25.0 was used for data analysis, and the independent t-test, x2 -test, and Fisher's exact probability test were performed to verify the homogeneity of the subject's general characteristics.
The effect verification after the experimental treatment was analyzed by Fisher's exact probability test, Friedman test, and Mann-Whitney U test. Results Depression showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups (F=39.88, p<.001), self-efficacy showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups (z=-4.96, p<.001), social bonding showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups (z=-5.19, p<.001), and cognitive function showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups (z=-3.98, p<.001). Conclusion It was found that the ‘Music Program using the Ukulele’ was effective in reducing depression of the elderly, improving self-efficacy, reinforcing social bonding, and improving cognitive function. We hope that the Music Program using the Ukulele can be used in the elderly nursing curriculum in the future, and we suggest it should be applied as a nursing intervention to those who are experiencing cognitive decline.