PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to examine factors affecting quality of life among grandparents raising their grandchildren. METHODS This study carried out a secondary analysis of data from the 2014 Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (KLoSA) and Statistics Korea. Data collected from 224 grandparents who reported raising their grandchildren were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, ANOVA, pearson correlation coefficient, and multilevel regression analysis. RESULTS The mean score of the participants' quality of life was 62.63. Significant predictors of quality of life of the grandparents included subjective health status, last year's total house income, number of last year's travels, frequency of last year's movie seeing, and number of children's parks per 100,000 population. CONCLUSION These results suggest that public health nurses in improving quality of life of grandparents focus on children's parks and formal social supports as community factors as well as regular exercise as an individual factor in order to be more effective.
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PURPOSE The aim of this study is to examine the reciprocal causal relationship between social activities and health with reference to the cognitive function level among community-dwelling older adults. METHODS We conducted a longitudinal data analysis using the 4(th) (Time 1) and 5(th) (Time 2) waves from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing adopting cross-lagged panel analysis (CLPA). RESULTS A total of 3,473 community-dwelling older adults were included in the analysis: 2,053 in the normal cognitive function group, 912 in the mild cognitive impairment group, and 508 in the moderate to severe cognitive impairment group. The CLPA revealed that higher levels of social activities at Time 1 significantly influenced better subjective health perception at Time 2 in all three groups. In addition, better subjective health perception at Time 1 significantly influenced higher levels of social activities at time 2 only in the normal cognitive function group. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that participating in social activities has positive effects on health regardless of the cognitive function level in community-dwelling older adults. This finding suggests that there is a need to develop strategies that can be used to encourage older adults with cognitive decline to maintain participation in social activities.
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PURPOSE The purpose of this research is to enhance organizational competitiveness of health centers as well as private medical institutions serving as public health and medical institutions. It tries to help them to cope with the requirements from health consumers, to enhance public health nurses' job performance. METHODS After verifying the reliability of the tool, confirmatory factor analysis was used to detect a model, in which valid path coefficients exist among variables. The detected model was then selected as the subject and its validity was verified. Finally, a structural equation model was applied to verify whether the estimate was suitable for the purpose of this research. RESULTS As for the nursing organizational culture, the public health nurses considered relation-oriented culture the most desirable. As for the self-leadership, they considered self-compensation the most desirable. It was found that mediating effects of self-leadership was partially significant. CONCLUSION To enhance job performance, it is necessary to make a transition from the organizational culture to the relation-oriented culture and it is also necessary to develop a program capable of reinforcing self-leadership. In addition, it is necessary to conduct a research to verify whether such a developed self-leadership program is influential on job performance enhancement.
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PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to analyze health status of women working in traditional marketplace and their needs for public healthcare services. METHODS A descriptive survey of 500 women working at three traditional marketplaces was conducted. RESULTS street vendors' health status were much poorer than store merchants'. Furthermore, psychosocial factors like job stress and depression were increased in street venders. Thus, the public healthcare programs required by them included exercise programs (28.2%) and health checkup (26.8%). In addition, 31.2% of the participants reported that they needed visiting nursing care services. The rate of occupational health and safety or employment insurances was as low as 10.8%. CONCLUSION Effective interventions including psychosocial factors for women workers at traditional marketplaces need to be developed based on these results. Also, it is recommended that public health care services such as outreach services and visiting nursing care services for women working at traditional marketplaces be provided. Furthermore, institutional provisions such as insurances for protecting these vulnerable groups' health are needed.
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PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to develop and evaluate a joint health self-management program for knee osteoarthritis elders in communities. METHODS This program was developed based on the IMB (information-motivationbehavioral skills) model. The program methods include education, setting and achieving goals, sharing experiences, telephone counseling, and self-monitoring. The topics of the program include joint assessment, exercise, massage, joint protection, medication, depression management, diet, and healthcare approach. The research was conducted following the principles of the nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. Participants were 26 subjects in the experimental group, and 27 subjects in the control group. The experimental group participated in the self-management program, and the control group received general education. RESULTS Both post-test scores of personal motivation, social motivation, behavior skill, self-management behavior, joint pain, joint stiffness, physical function disability, right knee extension, left knee extension, and depression were significantly different between the experimental group and the control group. CONCLUSION The results of the study can be used to develop and standardize a systematic joint health self-management program. Further research is highly recommended to develop a strategy to continuously facilitate self-management of osteoarthritis patients' procedures.
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PURPOSE This study was conducted to compare the level of health concern and the health practice of adult women depending on their experiences with cosmetic tattooing. METHODS The participants were 396 adult women in Jeonnam and Jeonbuk Provinces and G City. Their levels of health concern were measured using the 5-point-5-item scale designed by Kim. For measuring their health practice, the 5-point-12-item scale designed by Kwak was used. RESULTS The percentage of cosmetic tattooed women was 58.8%. The average score of their health concern was 3.12 and that of their health practice 3.54. As for their levels of health concern, no differences were observed between those with cosmetic tattoo experience and those without. However, the group with cosmetic tattoo experience exhibited a higher level of health practice. Also, most members of the cosmetic tattooed group decided to visit their tattoo shops based on the availability of tattoo shapes or prices rather than considering infection risks. CONCLUSION Health education is necessary to increase people's sensitivity to infection. This study shows that urgent attention for the management and regulation of the relevant ministries is required. Also, this study provides foundational information that will serve health education.
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PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to identify the effects of a physical activity program on the physical fitness in persons with intellectual disabilities. METHODS The study design was an equivalent control group pre-post test. The treatment group received ths physical activity program five times per week for 20 weeks. Data were collected from the treatment group at two time points: Week 1 and Week 20 following the initiation of the treatment protocol. Data were collected from the control group at the ends of week 1 and Week 20. Data analysis was performed using the IBM SPSS v.21.0 software program. RESULTS The experimental group showed a significant reduction of physical fitness: basic of physical fitness (t=-2.07, p=.041), flexibility (t=2.25, p=.027), muscular strength (t=2.70, p=.009), agility (t=-3.35, p=.001), except for sense of balance (t=-0.91, p=.368), while control group showed no change in these variables. CONCLUSION The findings of this study suggest that the physical activity program has proved to be a stable and physically active intervention program for physical activity in intellectually disabled persons.
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PURPOSE To understand the meaning of the lived experience with Person under train (PUT) for train or subway operators. METHODS The study was built on hermeneutic phenomenological themes from individual interviews of present-day train or subway operators in South Korea. Eight participants were selected to participate in the study. All qualitative data were analyzed using the heuristic guides of Van Manen. RESULTS Four fundamental lifeworld themes and eight sub themes emerged in the findings. The first theme of spatiality had‘the place pressed by the darkness’ and ‘the train drags me there’. The second theme, corporeality had ‘a foreboding fear’, and ‘debris of death that gets stuck in the whole body’. The temporality theme had‘distorted time in chaos’, and ‘memory trapped in time’. Finally the last existential theme of relationality had ‘intrapersonal encounter’ and ‘resentment and guilt’. CONCLUSION The four existential lifeworld themes provided a framework for in-depth investigation of the operator's “lived experience.†This leads to clear understanding of effects of PUT experience on related individuals. The findings imply that specific active nursing intervention strategies are necessary in order to treat affected train operators, and to prevent further issues in their work and private life.