Research in Community and Public Health Nursing

Original Articles

Influencing Factors for Work Engagement of COVID-19 Response Workers in Public Health Centers: Based on the Job Demands-Resources Model: Songran Park, Yeongmi Ha; Res Community Public Health Nurs. 2024;35(1):64-75. Published online March 29, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/rcphn.2023.00346

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Abstract PDF: Purpose
This study aimed to identify the influencing factors for work engagement of COVID-19 response workers in public health centers based on the JD-R model.
Methods
The participants were 119 civil servants and professionals of 20 public health centers with at least 6 months of work experience and have experience of COVID-19 response tasks in cities, districts and counties. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation coefficient and multiple regression using IBM SPSS 27.0.
Results
The factors influencing work engagement were age, career development opportunity, and person-job fit. The explanatory power of these variables was 61%.
Conclusion
In order to enhance the work engagement of public health center workers in responding to future infectious disease outbreaks, it is necessary to develop various strategies such as assigning job roles that aligned with individual characteristics, providing career growth opportunities even during infectious disease outbreaks, and designing tasks by taking into account age.

Relationships of Self-leadership, Working Environment, and Professionalism among School Health Teachers: Joohee Kim, Young Ko; Res Community Public Health Nurs. 2023;34(4):294-306. Published online December 29, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/rcphn.2023.00297

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Abstract PDF: Purpose
This study was conducted to examine the relationships of self-leadership, working environment, and professionalism, and to identify the factors that influence professionalism among school health teachers.
Methods
This study was a descriptive research study to identify the relationships of self-leadership, work environment, and professionalism among school health teachers. Data were collected from 198 people via an online survey using a structured questionnaire. The data were collected from February 7 to 24, 2023. The relationships of self-leadership, working environment, and professionalism were analyzed using multiple regression analysis.
Results
The score of self-leadership of school health teachers was 3.97 points out of 5, working environment was 3.28 points out of 5, and professionalism was 4.12 points out of 5. Professional accountability and competency development were influenced by behavioral strategies of self-leadership, cognitive strategies of self-leadership, and working environment. These variables explained 35.0% and 29.5% of professional accountability, respectively. Autonomy was influenced by age, cognitive strategy of self-leadership, and working environment, and these variables explained 19.2% of the variance of autonomy. Social recognition was influenced by behavioral strategy of self-leadership, and working environment, and these variables explained 28.0% of social recognition.
Conclusion
To enhance the professionalism of school health teachers, it is necessary to cultivate self-leadership that can overcome difficulties in work and properly self-criticize. Improving the working environment would help enhance the professionalism of school health teachers.

Effects of Fatigue and Emotional Labor on Sleep Quality among Apartment Security Guards: Chul-Gyu Kim, Sujeong Jeong, Young Mi Ryu, Seungmi Park, Kyoungmi Moon, Yunjung Kwon, Sun-A Park, Hye Ok Park; Res Community Public Health Nurs. 2023;34(3):205-216. Published online September 27, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/rcphn.2023.00220

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Abstract PDF: Purpose
This study aimed to identify the effects of fatigue and emotional labor on the quality of sleep among apartment security guards.
Methods
A total of 196 apartment security guards working in 10 different regions participated in the study between July and October 2022, completing questionnaire assessing fatigue (physical imbalance, exhaustion, mental fatigue, and nervous system disfunction), emotional labor, and sleep quality. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, ANOVA including Scheffe’s post hoc, and regression analysis.
Results
183(93.4%) participants were poor sleeper. Regression analysis of the factors influencing sleep quality yielded a significant model (F= 21.56, p<.001) with an explanatory power of 25.0% in the order of fatigue(exhaustion) (β=.28, p<.001), emotional labor (β=.27, p<.001), and subjective economic status (β=.15, p=.017).
Conclusion
It is essential to develop nursing educational programs that reduce exhaustion and emotional labor for improving the quality of sleep.

A Structural Equation Model on Health Status in Delivery Workers: Based on the Theory of Salutogenesis: Min Ji Kim, Eun Suk Choi; Res Community Public Health Nurs. 2023;34(3):228-239. Published online September 27, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/rcphn.2023.00171

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Abstract PDF: Purpose
This study aimed to develop and test a structural equation model on health status of delivery workers. The conceptual model was based on the theory of salutogenesis.
Methods
Data were collected from 262 delivery workers working in D and K cities from August 2 to August 27, 2021. The structural equation model was used to assess the relationships among the variables. The model comprised three exogenous variables (working environment, social support, health promotion activities) and two endogenous variables (sense of coherence, health status). The data were analyzed using SPSS 23.0 and AMOS 22.0.
Results
The hypothetical model showed a good fit to the data: χ²/df=2.38, TLI=.91, CFI=.93, SRMR=.08, RMSEA=.07. Out of 10 research hypotheses, 10 were supported, and explained 62.3% of the variance in the health status of delivery workers. The model confirmed that sense of coherence was the most important factor. Health status is directly affected by working environment, social support, and health promotion activities. Health status is indirectly affected by working environment, social support, and health promotion activities through mediation of sense of coherence.
Conclusion
The theory of salutogenesis is adequate to use for developing health promotion programs for delivery workers. There is a need to develop a customized program to increase health status of delivery workers by enhancing sense of coherence.

What Determines the Health-related Quality of Life of Vietnamese Migrant Workers in Korea?: Jihyon Pahn, Heesuk Kim, Youngran Yang; Res Community Public Health Nurs. 2023;34(2):147-157. Published online June 30, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/rcphn.2023.00066

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Abstract PDF: Purpose
Over time, the number of migrant workers in Korea has shown a steady increase. Notably, among all migrant workers, those from Vietnam constitute the third largest group in Korea. The main objective of this study was to investigate the factors that influence the health-related quality of life of Vietnamese migrant workers. The study aimed to provide essential data for the development of customized nursing intervention programs and policy preparation in the future.
Methods
A total of 220 Vietnamese migrant workers aged between 18 and 64, who were employed in Korea through the Employment Permit System and had been residing in the country for more than 91 days, participated in this study.
Results
The study results revealed that physical activity (β=.19, p=.002), hope (β=.50, p <. 001), cohabitation with colleagues (β=.16, p =.003), and sleep hour (β=.11, p =. 031) had a statistically significant impact on health-related quality of life. The findings showed that higher levels of physical activity and hope were positively associated with higher health-related quality of life. Moreover, cohabiting with colleagues and sleeping for more than six hours were also significantly related to higher health-related quality of life.
Conclusion
Given these findings, it is imperative to develop programs that encourage physical activity and enhance the health-related quality of life of migrant workers from Vietnam. Policymakers and employers should also consider providing adequate living conditions that facilitate cohabitation with colleagues and sufficient time for sleep to improve the health and well-being of migrant workers.

Work Adaptation Experience of Vietnamese Workers in Korean Workplaces: Constructivist Grounded Theory: HyeJung Jun, GaEon Lee; Res Community Public Health Nurs. 2023;34(2):108-116. Published online June 30, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/rcphn.2022.00150

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Abstract PDF: Purpose
The purpose of this study is to find a nursing intervention plan by classifying the body pain areas of the Korean aged and analyzing related factors.
Methods
This study performed the latent class analysis, cross-analysis, and one-way ANOVA using the SPSS 25.0, M-plus 7.0 program on 4,388 older adults aged 65 or over using the data from the 2020 Aging Research Panel.
Results
As a result of the Latent Class Analysis, participants divided into four groups. Group 1 was the 'shoulder and low back pain group' with high shoulder and back pain, group 2 was the 'upper body pain group' with severe pain in the arms, wrists and fingers and chest, group 3 was the 'lower pain focused group' with high pain in the legs and knees, and finally, group 4 was the 'general low pain group' with low pain overall. The result of the study shows that the group that did not exercise regularly, the female group, and the low socioeconomic status group have more pain in general. The upper body central pain group showed a low level of life satisfaction.
Conclusion
This study discusses various nursing interventions for the prevention of chronic pain, especially for the aged female group who has diverse body pain areas, the aged with low socioeconomic status, and the aged who do not exercise.

School Nurses’ Perception of Job Performance Difficulties, Job Stress, Job Identity and Job Satisfaction: Eun Kyo Cho, Hyun Jung Moon; Res Community Public Health Nurs. 2023;34(1):43-51. Published online March 31, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/rcphn.2023.00010

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Abstract PDF: Purpose
To examine school nurses' perception of job performance difficulties, stress, identity, and satisfaction, and to identify the factors that affect job satisfaction. Methods: Data were collected through online survey questionnaires distributed to 189 regular school nurses working in Metropolitan I. The self-report questionnaire consisted of three instruments and demographic questions. The data were collected from June 29 to July 31, 2020, and analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression statistical techniques. Results: Perception of job performance difficulties showed a significant positive correlation with job stress (r=.20. p=.007), job identity (r=-.55, p<.001) and job satisfaction (r=-.39, p<.001), and each showed a negative correlation. Job stress showed a negative correlation with job satisfaction (r=-.65, p<.001), and job satisfaction and job identity showed a positive correlation (r=.53, p<.001). Job stress (β=-.58, p<.001), job identity (β=.43, p<.001), school-level elementary school (β=.19, p<.001), and middle school (β=.13, p=.011) were found to have a significant effect on job satisfaction. Conclusion: As job stress, job identity, and school level are important factors influencing job satisfaction, interventions are needed to lower the job stress of school nurses and strengthen their job identity. In addition, since the job satisfaction of school nurses can have a great impact on the health and happiness of students as well as the quality of life of future generations, it is necessary to improve policies and systems to increase the job satisfaction of school nurses.

The Effects of Emotional Labor and Workplace Violence on the Somatic Symptoms of Customer Service Employees in Department Stores: Bongsoon Ryu, Bo Hyun Park; Res Community Public Health Nurs. 2023;34(1):61-71. Published online March 31, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/rcphn.2022.00339

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Abstract PDF: Purpose
This study was aimed to explore the effects of emotional labor and workplace violence on the somatic symptoms of customer service employees in department stores. Methods: Data from a total of 218 subjects were collected from July 21, 2021 to August 10, 2021, using a self-report questionnaire. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, X2-test, and logistic regression. Results: Among 4 sub-scales of workplace violence, a factor affecting the possibility of the moderate or high severity of somatic symptoms was found to be a risk group in "Experience of psychological and sexual violence from customer” (OR: 2.94). On the other hand, emotional labor did not show a statistically significant effect. In addition, education level, monthly income, subjective health status, and working hours per week were also factors affecting somatic symptoms.
Conclusion
In order to reduce the somatic symptoms of customer service employees in department stores, it is necessary to raise the awareness of employers and customers first, and follow-up research is necessary on the development of strategy and systems for the establishment of active and diverse protective devices to protect workers at the organizational level.

Perceived Discrimination and Workplace Violence among School Health Teachers: Relationship with School Organizational Climate: Joohee Kim, Young Ko; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2022;33(4):432-445. Published online December 31, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2022.33.4.432

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Abstract PDF: Purpose
The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship of the school organizational climate with perceived discrimination and the workplace violence among school health teachers. Methods: The research design was a cross-sectional study. The subjects of the study were 350 school health teachers with more than one year of teaching experience. Data were collected online using a questionnaire. Research variables are general characteristics, organizational climate, perceived discrimination, and workplace violence. The relationship between organizational climate and perceived discrimination and the relationship between organizational climate and workplace violence were analyzed using regression analysis. Results: The score for organizational climate of health teachers was 3.10 out of 5 points, the score for perceived discrimination was 2.85 out of 5 points, and the experience rate of workplace violence was 16.9%. School organizational climate was related to both workplace violence and perceived discrimination. The subcomponents of organizational climate affecting perceived discrimination of health teachers were interrelationship and the level of compensation. The subcomponents of organizational climate affecting workplace violence of health teachers were interrelationship and autonomy. Conclusion: The improvement of the school's organizational climate can reduce the level of workplace violence and discrimination against health teachers. It is important to establish an appropriate evaluation system for health teachers and to recognize the role and expertise of health teachers. In addition, it is necessary for school administraters to actively support health teahcers and to create an organizational climate where they can be friendly and communicative.

Factors Influencing the Wellness of Call Center Employees: Yeon Ju Kim, Gwang Suk Kim, You Lim Kim; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2022;33(1):128-138. Published online March 31, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2022.33.1.128

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Abstract PDF: Purpose
This study aimed to identify the factors influencing the wellness of call center employees.
Methods
From December 2018 to October 2019, a cross-sectional study was conducted with 155 workers recruited from the call centers in Seoul, South Korea. Data were collected using self-administered questionnaires. The questionnaires were used to measure the following scales: Korean occupational stress scale, emotional labor scale, work-life balance scale and wellness scale. Using the SPSS 26.0 program, the descriptive statistics, independent t-test, ANOVA, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis were conducted.
Results
The mean score of the wellness level of call center employees was 3.05 out of a maximum of 5.00. More wellness level of call center employees was associated with gender, psychiatric diagnosis, and call characteristics. A multiple regression analysis indicated that the total scores on the wellness scale were predicted by call characteristics, occupational stress and work-life balance, with an explanatory power of 42.2%.
Conclusion
Study findings show that it is necessary to promote wellness in call center workers with differentiated strategies according to call characteristics, occupational stress and work-life balance. This implies that it is necessary to understand the call characteristics and patterns of workers and to provide an innovative wellness program tailored to individual characteristics for an effective management of the emotional labor and occupational stress.

Experiences of Public Officials for the COVID-19 Response in the Community Health Center: Haeng Mi Son, Hye Ryun Yang, Bo Hyun Park; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2021;32(4):578-592. Published online December 31, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2021.32.4.578

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9 Citations

Abstract PDF

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to examine the experiences of public officials working for the Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) response in community health centers in South Korea. Methods: A qualitative thematic analysis was conducted using data collected from three focus groups and two individual interviews. Results: The participants performed quarantine tasks in a poor working environment with several problems, such as significant workload, lack of manpower, and inappropriate compensation system. Participants experienced obstacles in performing quarantine works, which had the lack of the detailed quarantine guidelines, work support and cooperation system. Participants suffered from civil complaints. Participants endured sacrifices in their personal lives while partaking in COVID-19 response work without holidays, and subsequently experienced health problems. And also participants said that it was necessary to secure expertise and effective communication for infectious disease management. Conclusion: The study results suggest that policies are required that are aimed to improve the working environment and the recruitment of experts in infectious diseases. In addition, the job stress related to the COVID-19 response by public officials in community health centers must be evaluated, and the relation of their job stress to physical and mental problems, as well as psychosocial stress, must be examined.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Infection Control Nurses’ Burnout Experiences in Hospitals during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Su-Jin Lee, Seo-Hyeon Kim, Ju-Young Park
Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2024; 31(1): 135. CrossRef
Influencing Factors for Work Engagement of COVID-19 Response Workers in Public Health Centers: Based on the Job Demands-Resources Model
Songran Park, Yeongmi Ha
Research in Community and Public Health Nursing.2024; 35: 64. CrossRef
Community Health Nursing During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Korea: Consequences, Challenges, and Directions
Eunjoo Kim, Ju Young Yoon, Hyori Kim
Journal of Community Health Nursing.2023; 40(2): 79. CrossRef
Identifying required competencies for public officials in the public health centers: Results from focus group interviews
Kyung Hee Yi, Sookja Choi, Myungwha Jang
Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion.2023; 40(2): 31. CrossRef
Development and Effectiveness of a Basic Epidemiological Investigation Simulation Program of Emerging Respiratory Infectious Diseases for Nursing Students: Application of Standardized Patients
Jiyun Park, Gye Jeong Yeom
Research in Community and Public Health Nursing.2023; 34: 267. CrossRef
Mental Health and Quality of Life for Disaster Service Workers in a Province under COVID-19
Ji-Won Na, Chan-Mo Yang, Sang-Yeol Lee, Seung-Ho Jang
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2022; 11(6): 1600. CrossRef
Awareness of the epidemiological investigation tasks of the nurse in charge of COVID-19 epidemiological investigations
Haeng-Mi Son, Won-Hee Choi, Hye-Ryun Yang, Young-Hui Hwang
The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2022; 28(4): 433. CrossRef
The COVID-19 Correspondence Work Experience of Community Health Practitioners
Jae-Hyun Ha, Hyun-Ju Lee
Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2022; 33(2): 139. CrossRef
Student nurse experiences in public healthcare clinical practice during the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative study
Yun-Jung Choi, Youn-Joo Um
Nurse Education Today.2022; 119: 105586. CrossRef

The Relationship between Parenting Stress and Health Promotion Behavior of Working Women: Mediating Effect of Supporting Resources: Gwijin Lee, Jin Hwa Lee, Bok Im Lee; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2021;32(4):529-539. Published online December 31, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2021.32.4.529

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Abstract PDF: Purpose
The purpose of this study was to understand the parenting stress and health promotion behavior of working women, and to investigate the mediating effect of supporting resources. Supporting resources were set as social support of spouse and community, and institutional support of the organization to which the subject belongs based on previous studies and an ecological system theory.
Methods
The participants were composed of 214 female workers residing in 17 cities and provinces nationwide and having at least one child aged 1~12 years old. Data were collected online from February 19 to February 28, 2021. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS 20.0 program to understand the level and correlation of the general characteristics and major variables, and to test the mediating effect, after controlling the variables significantly from univariate analysis, step regression analysis was performed.
Results
Among the supporting resources, the mediating effect of social support of spouse and community was statistically significant.
Conclusion
These findings suggest that it is necessary to seek ways to increase the social support of working women's spouses and people around them in order to increase the health promotion behavior of working women.

Factors Influencing the Physical Activity of Foreign Workers: Based on a Health Promotion Model: Jeong Eui Cho, Yeong Mi Ha; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2021;32(3):344-355. Published online September 30, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2021.32.3.344

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1 Citations

Abstract PDF

Purpose
With low birth rates and aging population problems in Korea, the number of foreign workers grows rapidly. The purpose of this study was to identify factors influencing physical activity of foreign workers based on a Health Promotion Model by examining relationships between acculturation, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, exercise self-efficacy, activity-related affect, social support, and physical activity. Methods: The participants were foreign workers aged 18 to 60 who were employed at eight shipyards. A questionnaire was distributed to 216 participants.
Results
As a result of the multivariate ordinal logistic regression analysis, factors affecting physical activity of foreign workers were perceived benefits (B=.65, 95% CI=0.08~1.22), exercise self-efficacy (B=.16, 95% CI=0.05~0.26), integration (B=.41 95% CI=0.14~0.69), and social support for physical activity (B=.48, 95% CI=0.12~0.83). The total explanatory power was 17.7% (x² =41.95, p<.001). Conclusion: Based on these results, there is a need to develop a customized program to increase physical activities of foreign workers by enhancing integration, perceived benefits, exercise self-efficacy and social support.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Structural Equation Modeling of Health Promotion Behavior on Migrant Workers: A Multi-Group Analysis Based on the Period of Residence
Hanna Jeong, Youngsuk Kim
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2024; 54(1): 73. CrossRef

Occupational Accident Compensation Insurance Coverage and Occupational Accidents for Special-type Delivery Workers: Min Ji Kim, Eun Suk Choi; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2021;32(1):64-72. Published online March 31, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2021.32.1.64

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2 Citations

Abstract PDF

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to analyze occupational accident compensation insurance coverage and occupational accidents incidence for special-type delivery workers. Methods: The data for occupational accident compensation insurance coverage and occupational accidents from 2012 to 2017 were analyzed through descriptive statistics. Results: Rates of occupational accident compensation insurance coverage of special-type delivery workers decreased gradually from 43.4% in 2012 to 28.5% in 2016, and 29.0% in 2017. Rates of occupational illnesses death per ten thousand workers increased gradually from 2.1‱ in 2013 to 3.1‱ in 2016, and 8.6‱ in 2017. All occupational illness deaths were due to cerebro-cardiovascular diseases. Road traffic accidents and slips accounted for the largest proportion of occupational accidents. Conclusion: Special-type delivery workers have a high risk of industrial accidents, so it is necessary to raise industrial accident insurance coverage and provide professional and systematic occupational safety and health services.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Approval status and characteristics of work-related musculoskeletal disorders among Korean workers in 2020
Eun-woo Cha, Sae-mi Jung, Il-ho Lee, Dae Hwan Kim, Eui Hyek Choi, In-ah Kim, Yong-kyu Kim, Kyung-joon Lee, Yang Won Kang, Ho-gil Kim, Young-ki Kim
Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Assistive Delivery Robot Application for Real-World Postal Services
Daegyu Lee, Gyuree Kang, Boseong Kim, D. Hyunchul Shim
IEEE Access.2021; 9: 141981. CrossRef

Working Poverty and Health Disparities in Korean Workers: Jin Hwa Lee, Bok Im Lee; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2020;31(4):514-524. Published online December 31, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2020.31.4.514

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3 Citations

Abstract PDF

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between working poverty and health status among Korean workers.
Methods
This study is secondary analysis of data extracted from the 2018 Community Health Survey. For the present analysis, 23,575 of the working poor whose household disposable income is below 50.0% of the national median and 111,443 of the working nonpoor were selected. Based on existing literature, a set of variables were chosen from the Community Health Survey. Health status was measured using self-rated health status measure, Patient health Questionnire-9, and EuroQol-5dimension.
Results
The proportion of subjective unhealthy status, depressive symptoms, and poor quality of life were significantly higher among the working poor than among the working nonpoor. After adjusting for general characteristics and health behavior factors, the working poverty was a significant predictor of subjective unhealthy status (AOR=1.32, 95% CI=1.25~1.40), depressive symptoms (AOR=1.61, 95% CI=1.38~1.88]), and poor quality of life (β=-0.02, p<.001).
Conclusion
The current study confirmed the health disparities between the working poor and the working nonpoor. Therefore, health care programs and policies are required for reducing the health inequalities among the workers.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

The effect of precarious employment on suicidal ideation: A serial mediation model with contractual temporality and job insecurity
José Antonio Llosa, Enrique Iglesias-Martínez, Esteban Agulló-Tomás, Sara Menéndez-Espina, Beatriz Oliveros
Economic and Industrial Democracy.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
An in-depth analysis of the relation of health and poverty in Europe
Simona-Andreea Apostu, Gina-Cristina Dimian, Maria Vasilescu
Panoeconomicus.2024; 71(2): 215. CrossRef
How Working Conditions, Socioeconomic Insecurity, and Behavior-Related Factors Mediate the Association Between Working Poverty and Health in Germany
Timo-Kolja Pförtner, Ibrahim Demirer
International Journal of Public Health.2022;[Epub] CrossRef

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